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Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Volume 2013 (2013), Article ID 237207, 17 pages
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/237207
Korean Red Ginseng Extract Attenuates 3-Nitropropionic Acid-Induced Huntington’s-Like Symptoms
1Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine and Institute of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
2Department of Cancer Preventive Material Development and Institute of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
3Analysis Research Team, R&D Headquarters, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon 305-805, Republic of Korea
Received 15 September 2012; Revised 29 November 2012; Accepted 2 December 2012
Academic Editor: Bashar Saad
Copyright © 2013 Minhee Jang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Supplementary Material
Immunohistochemical Evaluation: Immunohistochemistry and detection of NeuN, Iba-1, GFAP, capase-1 were performed as described in Materials and Methods of manuscript. In situ detection of fragmented DNA (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated UTP nick end labeling, TUNEL). The fragmentation of DNA was examined using an ApopTag® Peroxidase In situ Apoptosis Detection Kit (S7100) (Millipore, U.S.A.) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Briefly, brain sections were placed to enzymatic digestion with a 20 μg/ml of proteinase K for 5 minutes, treated with 5% H2O2 for 20 minutes to exhaust endogenous peroxidase activity, and washed with PBS (0.1 M, pH 7.4). They were then immersed in an ApopTag® Equilibration Buffer to label the 3'-OH ends of fragmented DNA for 10 minutes and incubated with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase enzyme at 37°C for 1 hour. After washing with PBS, sections were incubated with anti-digoxygenin conjugated peroxidase and the peroxidase substrate (DAB) to detect signs of apoptotic cell death.
Western blot analysis: Western blot analysis of capase-3 was performed as described in Materials and Methods of manuscript.