Blockade of Airway Inflammation by Kaempferol via Disturbing Tyk-STAT Signaling in Airway Epithelial Cells and in Asthmatic Mice
Figure 1
Inhibitory effects of kaempferol on expression levels (a) and transcription (b) of TLR4 and blockade of IL-8 secretion by TLR4 inhibition (c) and IL-8 secretion (d) in LPS-stimulated BEAS-2B cells. After culturing cells with 2 μg/mL LPS in the absence and presence of 1–20 μM kaempferol or 20 μg/mL OxPAPC for 8 h, cell extracts were subjected to 8% SDS-PAGE and western blot analysis with a primary antibody against TLR4 and IL-8. Representative blot data were obtained from 3 experiments, and β-actin protein was used as an internal control. The mRNA levels of TLR4 were analyzed by using RT-PCR (b). β-actin was used as a housekeeping gene for the coamplification with TLR4. The bar graphs (mean SEM) in the bottom panels represent quantitative results of blots. Cell culture media were collected for the measurement of IL-8 secretion by using an ELISA kit (d). Values not sharing a common letter are significantly different at .
