The Effects of Banha-sasim-tang on Dyspeptic Symptoms and Gastric Motility in Cases of Functional Dyspepsia: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, and Two-Center Trial

Table 1

Characteristics of the subjects.

Parameters	BST (𝑛 = 50)	Placebo (𝑛 = 50)	𝑃 value
Gender (male/female)	25/25	22/28	0.55
Age (years)	49.54 ± 14.72	48.00 ± 12.62	0.53
Weight (kg)	61.88 ± 11.56	57.35 ± 9.23	0.03 *
Height (cm)	163.67 ± 7.32	163.92 ± 7.73	0.86
Heart rate/min	73.76 ± 11.63	75.02 ± 11.42	0.70
BP systolic (mmHg)	123.44 ± 5.08	118.27 ± 11.67	0.06
BP diastolic (mmHg)	78.94 ± 13.36	74.12 ± 11.23	0.08
Smoking (yes/no)	7/43	6/44	0.77
Alcohol (yes/no)	25/25	24/26	0.84
Coffee (yes/no)	34/16	33/17	0.83
Rome criteria
Postprandial distress syndrome (PDS) (%)	21 (42.00)	27 (54.00)	0.43
Epigastric pain syndrome (EPS) (%)	12 (24.00)	8 (16.00)
Mixed (PDS + EPS) (%)	17 (34.00)	15 (30.00)
Duration of symptom (years)	13.82 ± 3.25	13.37 ± 13.68	0.88
Characteristics of dyspepsia (%)
Continuous	21 (40.91)	17 (32.50)	0.10
Periodic	16 (34.09)	10 (20.00)
Irregular	13 (25.00)	23 (47.50)
Helicobacter pylori infection
In history (%)	8 (16.00)	11 (22.00)	0.74
Total GIS score	13.44 ± 4.87	13.82 ± 5.05	0.69
VAS for overall symptom	55.36 ± 18.63	53.08 ± 17.29	0.38
Total FD-QoL score	27.74 ± 18.63	32.18 ± 17.31	0.54
Total BDI score	22.70 ± 12.82	25.04 ± 13.49	0.30

BST: Banha-sasim-tang; BP: blood pressure; GIS: gastrointestinal symptom scale; VAS: visual analogue scale; FD-QoL: functional dyspepsia-related quality of life; BDI: Beck’s depression inventory.
*Statistically significant.