Use of Self-Care and Practitioner-Based Forms of Complementary and Alternative Medicine before and after a Diagnosis of Breast Cancer

Table 2

Demographics, health behaviors, and disease characteristics, by category of self-care and practitioner-based CAM used after diagnosis among women in the LIBCSP.

	TOTAL (𝑛=764)	Multivitamins^b (𝑛=581, 76%)	Single vitamins/minerals^b (𝑛=584, 76.4%)	Botanicals^b; (𝑛=303, 39.7%)	Other dietary supplements^b (𝑛=188, 24.6%)	Mind-body^b (𝑛=216, 28.3%)	Special diets^b(𝑛=248, 32.5%)	Prayer^b (𝑛=302, 39.5%)	Support groups^b (𝑛=161, 21.1%)	CAM practitioners^b; (𝑛=307, 40.2%)
Demographics
Age at diagnosis^a
Continuous (Mean ± SD)	56.3 ± 11.4	55.8 ± 11.2	56.1 ± 10.9	54.4 ± 10.6	55.1 ± 9.9	52.2 ± 10.1	55.9 ± 10.6	53.3 ± 10.2	51.7 ± 9.6	53.3 ± 10.7
<45	17.8%	18.6%	17.3%	21.5%	12.8%	25.9%	17.7%	21.9%	29.8%	22.8%
45–54	30.2%	31.2%	32.0%	32.3%	38.3%	35.6%	30.6%	36.1%	34.2%	37.5%
55–64	26.7%	26.9%	27.2%	29.0%	29.3%	26.9%	27.4%	27.5%	27.3%	24.4%
65+	25.3%	23.4%	23.5%	17.2%	19.7%	11.6%	24.2%	14.6%	8.7%	15.3%
Race^a
Non-Hispanic white	94.0%	93.5%	93.8%	93.1%	96.3%	92.6%	89.5%	92.1%	93.8%	93.8%
All other	6.0%	6.5%	6.2%	6.9%	3.7%	7.4%	10.5%	7.9%	6.2%	6.2%
Religion^a,c
Protestant	22.6%	23.1%	21.1%	20.5%	25.0%	24.1%	21.4%	22.2%	24.2%	20.5%
Catholic	55.5%	55.1%	55.5%	54.5%	48.4%	55.6%	50.8%	64.2%	53.4%	54.1%
Jewish	20.0%	20.5%	21.7%	23.8%	24.5%	19.0%	25.4%	12.3%	21.7%	23.1%
Annual household income^a
<$25k	10.3%	9.3%	7.5%	6.9%	8.0%	7.9%	10.5%	8.6%	3.7%	9.1%
$25k–$49,999	30.6%	30.6%	30.0%	25.7%	24.5%	25.0%	26.2%	30.1%	24.8%	21.5%
$50k–$89,999	34.8%	35.6%	36.0%	38.0%	38.3%	40.7%	34.7%	38.7%	37.9%	37.8%
≥$90k	24.2%	24.4%	26.5%	29.4%	29.3%	26.4%	28.6%	22.5%	33.5%	31.6%
Education^a
≤High school grad	39.4%	36.3%	35.8%	26.1%	27.1%	20.8%	32.3%	32.8%	23.0%	28.3%
Some college	25.5%	26.7%	26.0%	27.7%	26.1%	30.6%	27.4%	29.8%	24.8%	25.4%
College graduate	14.5%	15.0%	15.2%	18.5%	15.4%	15.7%	16.5%	13.9%	23.0%	18.9%
Postgraduate	20.5%	22.0%	22.9%	27.7%	31.4%	32.9%	23.8%	23.5%	29.2%	27.4%
BMI at diagnosis^a
<25	49.1%	51.3%	51.0%	53.8%	53.7%	56.0%	52.0%	52.6%	50.9%	48.2%
25–29	31.5%	30.8%	31.8%	30.7%	30.3%	25.0%	32.3%	27.2%	32.3%	30.6%
≥30	19.4%	17.9%	17.1%	15.5%	16.0%	19.0%	15.7%	20.2%	16.8%	21.2%
Menopausal status^a
Premenopausal	36.5%	37.7%	37.8%	43.2%	34.6%	52.3%	38.7%	45.4%	50.9%	46.6%
Postmenopausal	60.9%	59.7%	59.4%	53.8%	60.6%	44.4%	57.7%	51.3%	47.8%	49.8%
Health behaviors
Oral contraceptives^a
Never	49.2%	47.3%	47.6%	46.5%	44.1%	38.9%	47.6%	45.4%	36.6%	43.0%
Ever	50.5%	52.5%	52.1%	53.5%	55.3%	60.6%	52.0%	54.6%	63.4%	57.0%
Hormone replacement therapy^a
Never	66.9%	67.1%	65.1%	64.0%	52.7%	67.6%	64.1%	68.2%	64.6%	65.5%
Ever	33.1%	32.9%	34.9%	36.0%	47.3%	32.4%	35.9%	31.8%	35.4%	34.5%
Mammogram^a
Never or >5 yrs ago	4.2%	4.1%	3.3%	3.0%	^d	3.7%	3.2%	4.3%	5.0%	4.2%
<5 yrs ago	94.4%	94.3%	95.4%	96.0%	96.8%	96.3%	96.8%	95.4%	94.4%	94.8%
Cigarette smoking status^a
Never	44.1%	44.9%	45.9%	48.2%	45.7%	47.7%	48.8%	49.0%	49.1%	45.0%
Current	18.6%	17.2%	17.0%	18.2%	14.4%	15.7%	11.3%	17.5%	13.7%	17.6%
Former	37.3%	37.9%	37.2%	33.7%	39.9%	36.6%	39.9%	33.4%	37.3%	37.5%
Alcohol use^a
Never	33.8%	33.7%	31.8%	31.0%	30.9%	33.3%	33.9%	34.1%	32.3%	33.9%
Ever	66.2%	66.3%	68.2%	69.0%	69.1%	66.7%	66.1%	65.9%	67.7%	66.1%
Average lifetime alcohol intake (g/day)^a
0	34.2%	34.1%	32.4%	31.4%	31.4%	34.3%	34.3%	34.8%	32.9%	34.5%
<15	49.3%	50.8%	51.2%	52.5%	47.3%	47.7%	48.0%	50.0%	46.0%	51.5%
15–30	11.6%	11.0%	11.8%	11.6%	12.8%	11.6%	12.1%	10.3%	11.8%	9.4%
≥30	4.8%	4.1%	4.6%	4.6%	8.5%	6.5%	5.6%	5.0%	9.3%	4.6%
Physical activity (h/wk)^a
0	24.2%	22.9%	22.3%	17.5%	18.6%	13.4%	16.1%	19.2%	17.4%	19.2%
0–0.69	22.5%	21.3%	22.1%	22.4%	23.9%	23.1%	23.8%	22.5%	18.6%	20.8%
0.70–2.6	24.1%	26.2%	25.2%	24.4%	22.9%	26.9%	24.6%	24.8%	29.2%	24.1%
≥2.7	23.7%	24.3%	24.8%	29.7%	27.7%	31.5%	29.8%	27.2%	26.7%	29.3%
Fruit and vegetable intake (servings/wk)^a
0–34	62.2%	60.1%	61.0%	54.5%	57.4%	55.6%	57.3%	58.3%	55.3%	57.7%
≥35	36.8%	38.7%	37.8%	44.6%	41.5%	44.0%	42.7%	40.7%	42.9%	41.4%
CAM Use before diagnosis^b
Multivitamins	55.5%	73.0%	62.8%	70.3%	66.5%	64.8%	60.1%	62.9%	64.0%	61.2%
Single vitamins	57.3%	64.2%	75.0%	75.6%	74.5%	68.1%	66.5%	63.6%	67.7%	67.8%
Botanicals	29.2%	33.7%	34.8%	73.6%	40.4%	42.1%	40.7%	39.7%	38.5%	40.4%
Other diet. supp.	12.3%	14.1%	14.6%	19.1%	50.0%	24.1%	16.1%	16.9%	23.0%	20.8%
Mind-body	16.6%	18.8%	18.2%	24.4%	30.9%	58.8%	24.2%	33.4%	35.4%	26.1%
Special diets	21.6%	21.9%	23.5%	29.0%	30.9%	33.8%	66.5%	27.5%	28.6%	27.4%
CAM practitioner	25.4%	27.7%	28.8%	38.3%	40.4%	45.4%	33.1%	36.4%	43.5%	63.2%
Disease characteristics
Stage at diagnosis^a
In situ	17.9%	18.8%	18.7%	20.1%	23.4%	19.4%	20.6%	18.5%	14.3%	21.2%
Invasive	82.1%	81.2%	81.3%	79.9%	76.6%	80.6%	79.4%	81.5%	85.7%	78.8%
Hormone receptor status^a
ER−/PR−	13.0%	13.3%	12.3%	13.5%	11.2%	12.0%	12.5%	14.6%	12.4%	10.1%
ER+ or PR+	49.2%	48.2%	46.1%	45.9%	43.1%	50.5%	47.2%	47.7%	52.2%	50.2%
missing	37.8%	38.6%	41.6%	40.6%	45.7%	37.5%	40.3%	37.7%	35.4%	39.7%
Treatment received^b
Chemotherapy	40.6%	40.6%	39.7%	45.9%	38.3%	51.4%	43.1%	48.3%	57.1%	44.0%
Radiation	60.7%	61.4%	61.8%	60.4%	59.6%	61.1%	57.3%	59.9%	55.9%	58.0%
Tamoxifen	60.5%	60.6%	59.6%	55.8%	57.4%	58.8%	60.1%	60.9%	60.2%	55.4%

aData collected at baseline, 1996-1997.
bData collected at follow-up, 2002–2004.
cData for no religion/other religion are not displayed because cell size <5.
dData are not displayed because cell size <5.