Acupuncture for Spinal Cord Injury and Its Complications: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Table 2

Quality assessment of included randomized clinical trials.

First author (year)	PEDro scale item												Cochrane risk of bias
	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	Total	L	M	N			O	P	Q
															Patient	Therapists	Assessors
Chen [3] (1995)	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	1	4	U	U	N	N	U	U	U	N
Wong [4] (2003)	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	1	1	5	U	U	N	N	Y	U	U	N
Cui [5] (2004)	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	1	1	5	U	U	N	N	U	U	U	N
Xu [6] (2004)	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	1	4	U	U	N	N	U	U	U	N
Chen [7] (2005)	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	1	4	U	U	N	N	U	U	U	N
Gu [8] (2005)a	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	1	1	5	N	U	N	N	U	U	U	N
Ma [9] (2005)	1	1	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	1	1	7	U	Y	N	N	Y	U	U	N
Sheng [10] (2009)	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	1	4	U	U	N	N	U	U	U	N
Huang [11] (2002)	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	1	1	5	U	U	N	N	U	U	U	N
Zhang [12] (2008)	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	4	U	U	N	N	U	U	U	N
Zhou [13] (2007)	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	4	U	U	N	N	U	U	U	N
Cheng [14] (1998)	1	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	4	U	U	N	N	U	Y	U	U
Gu [15] (2005)b	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	1	4	U	U	N	N	U	U	U	N
Liu [16] (2009)	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	1	4	N	U	N	N	U	U	U	N
Dyson-Hudson [17] (2007)	1	1	0	1	1	0	1	1	1	1	1	8	Y	U	Y	N	Y	Y	Y	N
Dyson-Hudson [18] (2001)	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	1	1	5	Y	U	N	N	Y	Y	U	N

PEDro scale items (each satisfied item except the first item contributes 1 point to the total PEDro score): A: eligibility criteria specified, B: randomization, C: allocation concealment, D: groups similar at baseline, E: blinded subjects, F: blinded therapist, G: blinded assessors, H: adequacy of followup, I: ITT analysis, J: between-group comparison, K: point and variability measures; 1: item positive, 0: item negative or unknown.
Cochrane risk of bias: L: was the allocation sequence adequately generated? M: was allocation adequately concealed? N: was knowledge of the allocated intervention adequately prevented during the study? O: were incomplete outcome data adequately addressed? P: are reports of the study free of suggestion of selective outcome reporting? Q: was the study apparently free of other problems that could put it at a high risk of bias? Yes (Y): low risk of bias, no (N): high risk of bias, and unclear (U): uncertain risk of bias.