Differences in Median Ultraviolet Light Transmissions of Serial Homeopathic Dilutions of Copper Sulfate, Hypericum perforatum, and Sulfur

Table 2

Comparison^a between light transmissions of unexposed potencies (6c–30c)^b and potencies exposed to external physical factors^c.

		CuSO4		Hypericum		S8
		190 nm–340 nm	220 nm–340 nm	190 nm–340 nm	220 nm–340 nm	190 nm–340 nm	220 nm–340 nm
Unexposed	Mean	0.999936	0.999938	0.999834	0.999858	1.000666	1.000593
	SD	0.000507	0.000456	0.000761	0.000721	0.000637	0.000602
Autoclave	Mean	0.999915	0.999943	0.999801	0.999802	1.000557	1.000497
	SD	0.000567	0.000517	0.000673	0.000587	0.000563	0.000520
	𝑃	1.000	0.738	0.857	0.669	0.451	0.590
	𝑟	0.000	−0.039	−0.021	−0.049	−0.087	−0.062
EMF	Mean	0.999765	0.999779	0.999845	0.999866	1.000661	1.000594
	SD	0.000475	0.000423	0.000588	0.000519	0.000715	0.000677
	𝑃	0.237	0.256	0.787	0.787	0.973	0.982
	𝑟	−0.139	−0.134	−0.031	−0.031	−0.004	−0.003
Incubation	Mean	0.999629	0.999649	0.999999	1.000009	1.000649	1.000571
	SD	0.000431	0.000409	0.000383	0.000334	0.000623	0.000587
	𝑃	0.006	0.005	0.536	0.629	0.902	0.857
	𝑟	−0.322	−0.331	−0.071	−0.056	−0.014	−0.021
UV	Mean	0.999610	0.999637	0.999558	0.999586	1.000676	1.000599
	SD	0.000342	0.000319	0.000536	0.000517	0.000545	0.000498
	𝑃	0.001	0.001	0.029	0.033	0.973	0.928
	𝑟	−0.391	−0.386	−0.252	−0.247	−0.004	−0.010

^aby Mann-Whitney-𝑈 test, mean normalised transmission with standard deviation (SD) is shown, statistically significant results (𝑃≤0.05) are displayed in bold, 𝑟 = effect size.
^bMeasurements 2 and 3 were combined, since these two measurements were closest in time to the measurements of the exposed samples.
^c𝑛=48 for CuSO₄ and 𝑛=50 for hypericum and S₈ (unexposed), 𝑛=24 for CuSO₄ and 𝑛=25 for hypericum and S₈ (exposed).