Antimicrobial Potential and Chemical Characterization of Serbian Liverwort (Porella arboris-vitae): SEM and TEM Observations

Table 1

Chemical composition of P. arboris-vitae extracts.

Extracts		^aMeOH	^bEtOH	^cEtOAc
Monoterpene hydrocarbons
D-limonene	1208	2.62	2.23	3.89
β-phellandrene	1220	1.07	1.67	0.00
p-cymene	1281	0.78	0.85	2.89
Total		4.47	4.75	6.78
Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons
α-cubebene	1463	0.43	1.71	0.00
Cycloseychellene	1513	2.36	2.69	1.86
β-bourbonene	1519	1.45	1.25	0.00
α-gurjunene	1529	10.93	9.42	6.03
β-cubebene	1531	0.18	0.55	0.00
Cyperene	1534	0.52	0.00	0.00
D-longifolene	1550	0.54	0.96	1.42
β-elemene	1571	5.59	3.70	2.59
β-cubebene	1574	0.29	0.00	0.75
Neoisolongifolene	1588	2.75	1.85	0.80
β-caryophyllene	1594	14.70	11.75	8.34
β-gurjunene	1598	2.05	1.95	0.91
cis-thujopsene	1616	1.04	0.00	0.00
Amorpha-4,11-diene	1636	1.96	1.59	1.51
Allo-aromadendrene	1642	4.25	3.70	2.13
β-farnesene	1664	1.85	2.60	2.17
γ-muurolene	1671	4.59	3.27	2.47
Aonarene	1690	0.13	0.00	0.00
Aristolochene	1709	0.29	0.00	0.00
Germacrene D	1717	2.40	1.73	0.00
α-selinene	1724	10.76	9.57	4.21
γ-cadinene	1752	0.24	0.49	0.00
Selina-3,7(11)-diene	1763	0.26	0.00	0.93
β-bazzanene	1794	1.49	0.75	0.57
Calamenene	1855	1.15	0.00	0.87
Total		72.20	59.53	37.56
Nonterpene hydrocarbons
2,6-Dimethylnonane	989	0.00	0.00	1.16
2,7,10-Trimethyldodecane	1005	0.00	0.00	0.36
5-Methyldecane	1035	0.00	0.00	1.85
2-Methyldecane	1038	0.00	0.00	5.10
3-Methyldecane	1048	0.00	0.00	4.56
Undecane	1091	0.23	0.86	11.27
1,2-Diethylcyclooctane	1128	0.00	0.00	0.28
2,3-Dimethyldecane	1142	0.00	0.00	0.75
Dodecane	1190	0.13	0.00	6.34
2-Phenylbutane	1260	0.00	0.00	0.15
Tridecane	1290	0.00	0.00	0.27
Hemimellitene	1292	0.00	0.00	4.91
p-Propyltoluene	1318	0.00	0.00	2.58
n-Butylbenzene	1322	0.00	0.00	0.49
2-Ethyl-p-xylene	1368	0.00	0.00	3.7446.82
3,5-Diethyltoluene	1402	0.00	0.00	0.53
Durene	1488	0.14	1.63	2.48
Total		0.50	2.49
Alcohols
1-Propanol	1031	0.00	1.53	0.00
1-Ethoxy-2-propanol	1168	0.00	3.02	0.00
Isopentyl alcohol	1203	0.00	8.75	0.00
2-Hexanol	1214	0.00	3.68	0.00
1-Isopropoxy-2-propanol	1244	0.00	2.35	0.00
1-Octen-3-ol	1441	0.88	0.24	0.00
1-(2-Methoxypropoxy)-2- propanol	1510	0.16	0.00	0.00
Trans-1,10-Dimethyl-trans-9- Decalinol	1859	0.07	0.00	0.00
Total		1.11	19.57	0.00
Ketones
Methyl Isobutyl ketone	1007	1.00	0.84	0.00
3-Butyl-cyclohexanone	1124	0.00	0.00	1.06
4-Methyl-3-penten-2-one	1146	2.96	1.06	0.00
2,2,6-Trimethylcyclohexanone	1336	0.12	0.00	0.00
Cyclocolorenoneepi-	2394	2.63	1.44	0.54
Total		6.71	3.34	1.60
Aldehydes
Hexanal	1097	1.87	0.68	0.00
Furfural	1470	0.00	0.99	0.00
Total		1.87	1.67	0.00
Others
Acetic acid	1448	7.75	7.09	3.33
Hexanoic acid	1840	1.97	1.69	0.37
Lanceol acetate⟨Z-⟩	1852	0.14	0.00	0.00
Caryophylene oxide	2019	1.84	0.95	0.84
Dodecanoic acid	2461	0.00	0.12	0.93
Octanoic acid	2083	0.00	0.00	0.13
Total		11.70	9.85	5.60
Total identified compounds		98.56	98.71	98.36

RI: retention index on CP WAX 52 CB capillary column; ^aMeOH: methanol extract; ^bEtOH: ethanol extract; ^cEtOAc: ethyl acetate extract.