Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use among Physicians in Oriental Medicine Hospitals in Vietnam: A Hospital-Based Survey
Table 4
Association between demographic factors and overall scores of knowledge, practice, and attitude toward CAM and western medication use.
Knowledge score
Practice score
Western medication use (%)
Attitude score
β (95% CI)
Mean (SE)a
β (95% CI)
Mean (SE)a
β (95% CI)
Mean (SE)a
β (95% CI)
Mean (SE)a
Age (yrs)
>45
1.97 (0.004 to 3.93)
26.2 (0.6)
−0.45 (−1.32 to 0.43)
5.5 (0.3)
−5.69 (−16.0 to 4.6)
45.8 (3.2)
0.45 (−0.22 to 1.12)
10.3 (0.2)
36–45 ()
0.77 (−0.87 to 2.42)
25.0 (0.6)
−0.33 (−1.07 to 0.40)
5.6 (0.3)
−3.58 (−12.2 to 5.05)
47.9 (3.1)
0.32 (−0.25 to 0.88)
10.1 (0.2)
≤35 ()
Ref
24.2 (0.8)
Ref
6.0 (0.3)
Ref
51.5 (4.0)
Ref
9.8 (0.3)
Gender
Men ()
0.26 (−0.84 to 1.35)
25.2 (0.5)
0.08 (−0.41 to 0.57)
5.7 (0.2)
4.71 (−1.04 to 10.5)
50.8 (2.6)
0.21 (−0.16 to 0.59)
10.2 (0.2)
Women ()
Ref
25.0 (0.5)
Ref
5.7 (0.2)
Ref
46.1 (2.6)
Ref
10.0 (0.2)
Department
Inpatient ()
0.84 (−0.42 to 2.11)
25.5 (0.4)
0.26 (−0.30 to 0.82)
5.8 (0.2)
3.48 (−3.15 to 10.1)
50.2 (2.2)
−0.14 (−0.58 to 0.29)
10.0 (0.1)
Outpatient ()
Ref
24.7 (0.6)
Ref
5.6 (0.3)
Ref
46.7 (3.2)
Ref
10.1 (0.2)
Length of experience in TM practice (yrs)
≥20 ()
−3.23 (−5.24 to −1.21)**
23.3 (0.8)
−0.69 (−1.59 to 0.21)
5.4 (0.3)
−7.03 (−17.6 to 3.52)
44.1 (4.0)
−0.97 (−1.66 to −0.28)**
9.5 (0.3)
10–19 )
−1.14 (−2.63 to 0.34)
25.4 (0.6)
−0.39 (−0.13 to 1.05)
5.7 (0.3)
−1.18 (−8.97 to 6.62)
50.0 (3.0)
−0.38 (−0.89 to 0.13)
10.1 (0.2)
<10 ()
Ref
26.6 (0.6)
Ref
6.1 (0.3)
Ref
51.2 (3.4)
Ref
10.5 (0.2)
Number of patients seen per day (pts)
≥21 ()
0.79 (−0.74 to 2.31)
25.8 (0.6)
0.65 (−0.03 to 1.34)
6.0 (0.3)
6.94 (−1.05 to 14.9)
55.3 (3.2)
−0.12 (−0.64 to 0.40)
10.0 (0.2)
11–20 ()
−0.66 (−1.97 to 0.66)
24.4 (0.6)
0.46 (−0.13 to 1.05)
5.8 (0.3)
−6.67 (−13.6 to 0.24)
41.7 (3.0)
0.07 (−0.38 to 0.52)
10.1 (0.2)
≤10 ()
Ref
25.1 (0.6)
Ref
5.3 (0.3)
Ref
48.3 (3.0)
Ref
10.1 (0.2)
Running private clinic
Yes ()
0.78 (−0.74 to 2.31)
25.5 (0.6)
0.56 (−0.04 to 1.15)
6.0 (0.3)
1.88 (−5.16 to 8.92)
49.4 (3.3)
0.35 (−0.12 to 0.81)
10.2 (0.2)
No ()
Ref
24.7 (0.4)
Ref
5.4 (0.2)
Ref
47.5 (2.2)
Ref
9.9 (0.1)
Education in TM
Graduate ()
2.75 (4.12 to 15.4)***
26.5 (0.5)
1.12 (0.51 to 1.74)***
6.3 (0.3)
−3.54 (−10.7 to 3.64)
46.6 (2.7)
0.79 (0.32 to 1.26)**
10.5 (0.2)
Undergraduate ()
Ref
23.7 (0.6)
Ref
5.1 (0.3)
Ref
50.2 (3.0)
Ref
9.7 (0.2)
Medical specialty
OMD (
1.48 (0.24 to2.72)*
25.8 (0.4)
−0.10 (−0.65 to 0.46)
5.6 (0.2)
−13.3 (−19.8 to −6.7)***
41.8 (2.3)
−0.36 (−0.78 to 0.07)
9.9 (0.1)
GP ()
Ref
24.4 (0.6)
Ref
5.7 (0.3)
Ref
55.0 (3.1)
Ref
10.2 (0.2)
Hospital level
National ()
2.77 (1.36 to 4.18)***
26.5 (0.6)
1.06 (0.43 to 1.69)**
6.2 (0.3)
12.2 (4.86 to 19.6)**
54.5 (3.3)
0.07 (−0.41 to 0.55)
10.1 (0.2)
Provincial ()
Ref
23.7 (0.5)
Ref
5.2 (0.2)
Ref
42.3 (2.4)
Ref
10.0 (0.2)
Linear regression analysis in which age, gender, department, length of experience in TM practice (yrs), number of patients seen per day, experience running a private clinic, education in TM, specialty type, and hospital level were considered predictive factors. β (95% CI) beta coefficient and 95% confident interval; aadjusted mean and standard error. Ref: the group was set up as reference. ; ; .
