Integrating Traditional Chinese Medicine Services in Community Health Centers: Insights into Utilization Patterns in the Pearl River Region of China

Table 2

Association between TCM usage and demographic and health characteristics: multiple logistic regression analyses.

TCM modalities	Herbalists		Acupuncturists		Massage therapists
Demographic characteristics	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	𝑃 value	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	𝑃 value	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	𝑃 value
Gender
Male (reference)	1.000		1.000		1.000
Female	1.155 (.988, 1.351)	.070	.822 (.603, 1.119)	.213	.936 (.676, 1.297)	.692
Age	1.007 (1.000, 1.014)	.039	1.008 (.995, 1.021)	.255	1.007 (.993, 1.020)	.348
Hukou status
Resident with Hukou (reference)	1.000		1.000		1.000
Resident without Hukou	.870 (.714, 1.061)	.169	.985 (.657, 1.478)	.943	.851 (.551, 1.315)	.468
Non-Resident without Hukou	.829 (.614, 1.119)	.221	1.432 (.807, 2.540)	.219	.787 (.388, 1.594)	.505
Education level
Tertiary education (reference)	1.000		1.000		1.000
Secondary education	.764 (.622, .940)	.011	.820 (.550, 1.223)	.331	.802 (.532, 1.209)	.292
Primary education	.783 (.575, 1.066)	.121	.637 (.341, 1.190)	.157	.550 (.284, 1.066)	.077
Monthly household income	1.005 (.947, 1.067)	.860	1.091 (.967, 1.232)	.157	1.040 (.919, 1.178)	.534
Health insurance status
Government sponsored care (reference)	1.000		1.000		1.000
Out of pocket	1.507 (1.045, 2.174)	.028	.411 (.215, .786)	.007	.333 (.176, .631)	.001
Urban employee basic medical insurance	1.127 (.811, 1.567)	.476	.506 (.291, .881)	.016	.356 (.210, .601)	.000
Urban resident basic medical insurance	1.063 (.748, 1.509)	.734	.542 (.297, .987)	.045	.356 (.198, .641)	.001
New cooperative medical scheme	1.119 (.764, 1.637)	.565	.498 (.253, .982)	.044	.210 (.098, .452)	.000
Self-reported health status
Good or above (reference)	1.000		1.000		1.000
Fair	1.020 (.864, 1.203)	.817	.959 (.693, 1.327)	.802	1.189 (.843, 1.676)	.323
Poor	1.087 (.731, 1.617)	.680	.196 (.047, .824)	.026	.701 (.284, 1.734)	.442
Number of chronic disease
0 (reference)	1.000		1.000		1.000
1	1.174 (.960, 1.436)	.119	1.092 (.739, 1.614)	.658	.927 (.605, 1.422)	.730
2	1.004 (.715, 1.410)	.982	.692 (.333, 1.436)	.323	.904 (.463, 1.766)	.767
≥3	1.178 (.728, 1.907)	.505	1.116 (.470, 2.648)	.804	1.533 (.717, 3.279)	.271