Effect of Formononetin on Mechanical Properties and Chemical Composition of Bones in Rats with Ovariectomy-Induced Osteoporosis

Table 4

Effects of estradiol and formononetin on bone mineral, H₂O, organic compounds, and calcium and phosphorus content in ovariectomized rats.

Parameter	SHAM	OVX	OVX + ES	OVX + FRM
Femur
H2O content (mg/100 mg bone mass)	29.0 ± 0.2	33.4 ± 0.2^AA	30.7 ± 0.5^B	28.4 ± 1.3^B
Organic compounds (mg/100 mg bone mass)	24.7 ± 0.3	28.7 ± 0.6^AAA	24.0 ± 0.5^BB	32.2 ± 0.8^B
Mineral content (mg/100 mg bone mass)	45.3 ± 1.3	38.1 ± 2.7^AA	44.4 ± 3.5^B	40.0 ± 2.8
Calcium content (mg/100 mg mineral substances)	39.9 ± 3.4	35.6 ± 5.6	38.7 ± 4.5	36.2 ± 6.0
Phosphorus content (mg/100 mg mineral substances)	28.9 ± 1.4	27.6 ± 2.7	29.8 ± 3.4	27.9 ± 3.9
Tibia
H2O content (mg/100 mg bone mass)	26.6 ± 0.9	30.8 ± 2.1^A	27.5 ± 0.7^B	24.7 ± 1.2^BB
Organic compounds (mg/100 mg bone mass)	28.1 ± 0.4	32.8 ± 0.3^AA	26.9 ± 1.4^B	33.9 ± 1.8
Mineral content (mg/100 mg bone mass)	45.5 ± 2.4	37.3 ± 5.9	45.9 ± 1.3^B	41.2 ± 3.3
Calcium content (mg/100 mg mineral substances)	42.3 ± 4.9	38.4 ± 5.1	43.3 ± 2.3	39.0 ± 6.8
Phosphorus content (mg/100 mg mineral substances)	30.6 ± 1.1	29.2 ± 2.2	29.6 ± 1.8	29.0 ± 2.5
L-4 vertebra
H2O content (mg/100 mg bone mass)	27.6 ± 0.5	32.4 ± 1.7^A	27.9 ± 1.5	27.2 ± 1.1
Organic compounds (mg/100 mg bone mass)	28.2 ± 0.4	35.3 ± 0.7^AA	29.1 ± 2.0^B	38.0 ± 3.5
Mineral content (mg/100 mg bone mass)	44.4 ± 0.3	32.5 ± 3.8^AA	43.0 ± 0.7^BBB	35.0 ± 2.7
Calcium content (mg/100 mg mineral substances)	43.7 ± 5.8	39.9 ± 2.6	41.3 ± 1.5	38.3 ± 7.5
Phosphorus content (mg/100 mg mineral substances)	33.7 ± 2.5	31.3 ± 4.3	31.1 ± 2.3	35.0 ± 2.9

Results are presented as means ± SEM (𝑛=7). ^A𝑃<0.05, ^AA𝑃<0.01, ^AAA𝑃<0.001—statistically significant differences between the OVX and the SHAM groups; ^B𝑃<0.05, ^BB𝑃<0.01, ^BBB𝑃<0.001—statistically significant differences in comparison with the OVX group.