Research Article

Decursin and Doxorubicin Are in Synergy for the Induction of Apoptosis via STAT3 and/or mTOR Pathways in Human Multiple Myeloma Cells

Figure 2

Synergistic effect of decursin and doxorubicin on the cytotoxicity in multiple myeloma cells. (a) U266 cells were treated with decursin (40 or 80  M) and/or doxorubicin (0.5 or 1  M) for 24 or 48 h. (b) MM.1S cells were treated with decursin (80  M) and/or doxorubicin (0.25  M) for 24 or 48 h. Cytotoxicity of doxorubicin and/or decursin was evaluated by XTT assay. (c) RPMI8226 cells were treated with decursin (40  M) and/or doxorubicin (1  M) for 24 or 48 h. Data are presented as means ± SD for triplicate experiments. *, , **; and ***; versus untreated control. #, , ; , ###, versus doxorubicin-treated cells. (d) The combination index (CI) between decursin and doxorubicin (24 h) was determined by the Chou-Talalay method and CalcuSyn software (Biosoft, Feruson, MO, USA) in U266 and MM.1S cells. Normal peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) were treated with various concentrations of (e) decursin (10, 20, 40, 80, 160  M) and/or (f) doxorubicin (0, 0.0625, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5 or 1  M) for 24. (g) Cytotoxicity of decursin (40  M or 80  M) and doxorubicin (0.5 or 1  M) in PBLs was evaluated by XTT assay. Data are presented as mean ± SD for triplicate experiments.
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