Greater Skeletal Gains in Ovary Intact Rats at Maturity Are Achieved by Supplementing a Standardized Extract of Butea monosperma Stem Bark that Confers Better Bone Conserving Effect following Ovariectomy and Concurrent Treatment Withdrawal
Table 1
Effect on body weight, antioxidant status, bone mass, and microarchitecture in growing female rats after 12 weeks of treatment (baseline).
Parameters
Vehicle (1% gum-acacia)
ASF (100 mg/kg/d)
Body weight (g)
201 ± 4.58
216.1 ± 9.68
Total antioxidant status (mmol/L)
1.44 ± 0.05
2.27 ± 0.07b
Bone length
Femur (cm)
2.43 ± 0.02
2.57 ± 0.02b
Tibia (cm)
2.69 ± 0.03
2.91 ± 0.06c
Growth plate height
Femur (μm)
241.77 ± 2.23
264.9 ± 3.81a
Tibia (μm)
148.07 ± 2.73
161.97 ± 3.94c
BMD (g HA/cm3)
Femur diaphysis
1.02 ± 0.007
1.071 ± 0.004a
Femur metaphysis
0.23 ± 0.007
0.298 ± 0.01b
Tibia diaphysis
1.01 ± 0.01
1.067 ± 0.01c
Proximal tibia metaphysis
0.19 ± 0.01
0.257 ± 0.01b
Micro-CT measurements at femur cortical bone
B.Ar (mm2)
4.28 ± 0.09
4.68 ± 0.11c
Ct.Th (mm)
0.21 ± 0.01
0.26 ± 0.05c
T.Ar (mm2)
9.88 ± 0.35
10.22 ± 0.55
Ma.Ar (mm2)
6.02 ± 0.39
5.53 ± 0.45
MMI (mm4)
10.21 ± 0.5
11.76 ± 0.58c
Micro-CT measurements at femur cancellous bone
BV/TV (%)
15.8 ± 0.49
20.8 ± 0.61a
Tb.N (1/mm)
1.74 ± 0.05
2.252 ± 0.08a
Tb.Th (mm)
0.08 ± 0.002
0.089 ± 0.002
Conn.D (1/mm3)
157.37 ± 11.83
229.8 ± 14.81a
Tb.sp (mm)
0.48 ± 0.01
0.33 ± 0.03b
Tb.pf (1/mm)
3.45 ± 0.13
1.415 ± 0.11a
SMI
1.96 ± 0.05
1.68 ± 0.02b
DA
1.91 ± 0.01
1.892 ± 0.02
Micro-CT measurements at tibial cancellous bone
BV/TV (%)
9.6 ± 0.81
15.3 ± 1.33b
Tb.N (1/mm)
1.28 ± 0.04
1.87 ± 0.15b
Tb.Th (mm)
0.08 ± 0.001
0.08 ± 0.001
Conn.D (1/mm3)
103.66 ± 12.72
166.36 ± 13.6b
Tb.sp (mm)
0.51 ± 0.03
0.32 ± 0.02b
Tb.pf (1/mm)
17.75 ± 1.78
12.56 ± 1.09c
SMI
2.26 ± 0.05
1.89 ± 0.02a
DA
2.11 ± 0.02
2.16 ± 0.08
Values represent mean ± SEM; rats in vehicle group and rats in ASF group. a, b, and c compared to vehicle. BMD: bone mineral density, B.Ar: bone area, Ct.Th.: cortical thickness, T.Ar: periosteal area, MMI: mean polar moment of inertia, Ma.Ar: marrow area, BV/TV: percent bone volume, Tb.N: trabecular number, Tb.Th: trabecular thickness, Conn.D: connection density, Tb.sp: trabecular separation, Tb.pf: trabecular pattern factor, SMI: structure model index, DA: degree of anisotropy.