Research Article

Greater Skeletal Gains in Ovary Intact Rats at Maturity Are Achieved by Supplementing a Standardized Extract of Butea monosperma Stem Bark that Confers Better Bone Conserving Effect following Ovariectomy and Concurrent Treatment Withdrawal

Table 1

Effect on body weight, antioxidant status, bone mass, and microarchitecture in growing female rats after 12 weeks of treatment (baseline).

ParametersVehicle
(1% gum-acacia)
ASF
(100 mg/kg/d)

Body weight (g)201 ± 4.58216.1 ± 9.68
Total antioxidant status (mmol/L)1.44 ± 0.052.27 ± 0.07b
Bone length
 Femur (cm)2.43 ± 0.022.57 ± 0.02b
 Tibia (cm)2.69 ± 0.032.91 ± 0.06c
Growth plate height
 Femur (μm)241.77 ± 2.23264.9 ± 3.81a
 Tibia (μm)148.07 ± 2.73161.97 ± 3.94c
BMD (g HA/cm3)
 Femur diaphysis 1.02 ± 0.0071.071 ± 0.004a
 Femur metaphysis 0.23 ± 0.0070.298 ± 0.01b
 Tibia diaphysis 1.01 ± 0.011.067 ± 0.01c
 Proximal tibia metaphysis 0.19 ± 0.010.257 ± 0.01b
Micro-CT measurements at femur cortical bone
 B.Ar (mm2) 4.28 ± 0.094.68 ± 0.11c
 Ct.Th (mm) 0.21 ± 0.010.26 ± 0.05c
 T.Ar (mm2)9.88 ± 0.3510.22 ± 0.55
 Ma.Ar (mm2)6.02 ± 0.395.53 ± 0.45
 MMI (mm4)10.21 ± 0.511.76 ± 0.58c
Micro-CT measurements at femur cancellous bone
 BV/TV (%)15.8 ± 0.4920.8 ± 0.61a
 Tb.N (1/mm)1.74 ± 0.052.252 ± 0.08a
 Tb.Th (mm)0.08 ± 0.0020.089 ± 0.002
 Conn.D (1/mm3)157.37 ± 11.83229.8 ± 14.81a
 Tb.sp (mm)0.48 ± 0.010.33 ± 0.03b
 Tb.pf (1/mm)3.45 ± 0.131.415 ± 0.11a
 SMI1.96 ± 0.051.68 ± 0.02b
 DA1.91 ± 0.011.892 ± 0.02
Micro-CT measurements at tibial cancellous bone
 BV/TV (%)9.6 ± 0.8115.3 ± 1.33b
 Tb.N (1/mm)1.28 ± 0.041.87 ± 0.15b
 Tb.Th (mm)0.08 ± 0.0010.08 ± 0.001
 Conn.D (1/mm3)103.66 ± 12.72166.36 ± 13.6b
 Tb.sp (mm)0.51 ± 0.030.32 ± 0.02b
 Tb.pf (1/mm)17.75 ± 1.7812.56 ± 1.09c
 SMI2.26 ± 0.051.89 ± 0.02a
 DA2.11 ± 0.022.16 ± 0.08

Values represent mean ± SEM; rats in vehicle group and rats in ASF group. a , b , and c compared to vehicle.
BMD: bone mineral density, B.Ar: bone area, Ct.Th.: cortical thickness, T.Ar: periosteal area, MMI: mean polar moment of inertia, Ma.Ar: marrow area, BV/TV: percent bone volume, Tb.N: trabecular number, Tb.Th: trabecular thickness, Conn.D: connection density, Tb.sp: trabecular separation, Tb.pf: trabecular pattern factor, SMI: structure model index, DA: degree of anisotropy.