Research Article

Greater Skeletal Gains in Ovary Intact Rats at Maturity Are Achieved by Supplementing a Standardized Extract of Butea monosperma Stem Bark that Confers Better Bone Conserving Effect following Ovariectomy and Concurrent Treatment Withdrawal

Table 4

Effect on bone formation indices, microarchitecture, and strength at femur diaphysis following ovariectomy and treatment withdrawal at the endpoint.

ParametersSham + vehicle
(1% gum acacia)
OVx + vehicle
(1% gum acacia)
OVx + vehicle
(1% gum acacia)
(ASFW)
OVx + E2
(10 μg/kg/day)

Bone formation indices at femur mid-diaphysis
 pMS/BS (%)96.96 ± 0.5p85.92 ± 2.7295.43 ± 0.46q89.87 ± 1.86c,g
 pMAR (μm/day) 0.43 ± 0.01p0.2 ± 0.010.34 ± 0.01p,a0.23 ± 0.001a,e
 pBFR /BS (μm3/μm2/yr)3.79 ± 0.05p1.87 ± 0.083.13 ± 0.13p,b2.05 ± 0.16a,e
Micro-CT measurements at femur mid-diaphysis
 B.Ar (mm2) 4.7 ± 0.14q3.79 ± 0.064.53 ± 0.06q4.62 ± 0.21q
 Ct.Th (mm) 0.49 ± 0.01r0.35 ± 0.020.47 ± 0.02r0.4 ± 0.03
 T.Ar (mm2)8.16 ± 0.058.19 ± 0.218.13 ± 0.18.25 ± 0.6
 Ma.Ar (mm2)3.37 ± 0.06r4.66 ± 0.263.45 ± 0.13q3.77 ± 0.32r
 MMI (mm4)7.33 ± 0.61r10.2 ± 0.697.63 ± 0.37r8.41 ± 0.65
Bone strength at femur mid-diaphysis
 Ultimate load (N)142.66 ± 10.5p101.33 ± 4.27161.66 ± 5.49p149.75 ± 1.88q
 Energy (mJ)70.66 ± 2.45q42.65 ± 3.8582.91 ± 6.52q65.241 ± 1.16r
 Stiffness (N/mm)247.62 ± 13.39p133.58 ± 20.91252.475 ± 13.12p248.161 ± 22.41q

Values represent mean ± SEM; rats/group. p , q , and r compared to OVx + vehicle; a , b , and c compared to sham; e and g compared to ASFW.
pMS/BS: periosteal mineralizing surface per bone surface, pMAR: periosteal mineral apposition rate, pBFR/BS: periosteal bone formation rate/bone surface. B.Ar: bone area, Ct.Th.: cortical thickness, T.Ar: periosteal area, MMI: mean polar moment of inertia, Ma.Ar: medullary area.