Curcumin Protects against 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium Ion- and Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cytotoxicities in the Mouse Mesencephalic Astrocyte via Inhibiting the Cytochrome P450 2E1

Figure 2

Cur protected the mesencephalic astrocytes from cytotoxicity induced by MPP⁺ and LPS. (a) Cell viability of the mesencephalic astrocytes. (b) LDH release of the mesencephalic astrocytes. (c) Apoptosis of the mesencephalic astrocytes. The primary cultured mesencephalic astrocytes were nonpretreated or pretreated with vehicle (DMSO) or Cur (1, 3, and 10) (μM) for 30 min and then incubated with PBS, MPP⁺ (100 μM), or LPS (1 μg/mL) for 48 h. The cell viability was determined with MTT. LDH release was measured by the LDH diagnostic kit. Nuclear condensation was assessed by staining with Hoechst33342 (magnification 200x). Data are presented as mean ± SD of three independent experiments, ^∗𝑃<0.05,^∗∗𝑃<0.01, and ^∗∗∗𝑃<0.001 compared to the control group; ^#𝑃<0.05, and ^##𝑃<0.01 compared to the MPP⁺ or LPS treatment alone group.

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