Antiteratogenic Effects of 𝜷-Carotene in Cultured Mouse Embryos Exposed to Nicotine

Figure 2

Protective effects of β-carotene against oxidative damage induced by nicotine in E8.5 mouse embryos treated in vitro for 2 days. Lipid peroxidation was evaluated by measuring the malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in embryos treated with 1 mM nicotine in the absence or presence of 1 × 10⁻⁷ or 5 × 10⁻⁷ μM β-carotene (β-car). Results are presented as mean ± SEM (𝑛=12). Significant differences (*control versus nicotine alone; ^#nicotine versus β-car + nicotine) were evaluated by one-way ANOVA at 𝑃<0.05.