Oat Protects against Diabetic Nephropathy in Rats via Attenuating Advanced Glycation End Products and Nuclear Factor Kappa B

Table 1

Biochemical, physiological, and renal functional parameters of the rats.

	Normal control, 𝑛=10	Diabetic untreated, 𝑛=9	Diabetic plus 20% oat, 𝑛=13
Initial body weight, g	201.3±5.6	202.4±4	199.7±9
Final body weight, g	271.5±8.1	159.5±8.2^a	224±12.3^a,b
Glucose, mg/dl	99.98±5.48	530.55±20^a	237.5±28^a,b
HbA1c, %	5.11±0.15	13.42±0.34^a	8.95±0.9^a,b
Kidney/body weight, g/g, ×10^−3	6.45±0.65	11.15±1.76^a	8.12±0.9^a,b
BUN, mmol/L	7.23±0.98	14.95±2.91^a	8.62±2.1^a,b
Serum creatinine, mmol/L	50.45±8.2	69.52±7.97^a	53.15±4.5^b
Ccr mLmin^−1 kg^−1	3.51±0.3	6.78±0.91^a	3.43±0.56^b
U prot, mg/24 h	8.53±0.93	22.56±3.1^a	14.95±3.12^a,b
Serum sodium, mmol/L	144.4±3.5	176.1±10.5^a	150.1±1.2^b
Serum potassium, mmol/L	4.54±0.83	7.76±0.76^a	5.34±0.42^b
Serum IL-6, g/mL	82.2±0.54	695.2±16.46^a	211.2±13.34^a,b

Data are expressed as the means ± SD. ^a𝑃<0.05 versus normal control group, ^b𝑃<0.05 versus diabetic untreated group, one way ANOVA.