Mushrooms and Truffles: Historical Biofactories for Complementary Medicine in Africa and in the Middle East

Table 1

Some examples of different types of wild macrofungi in Africa and in the Middle East region.

	Countries	References
Type of truffle
Terfezia boudieri Chatin	Libya	[72]
Terfezia claveryi	Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Iraq, Egypt, and Jordan	[29, 45]
Terfezia pfeilii	South Africa	[86]
Terfezia sp.	Tunisia	[87]
Tirmania nivea	Saudi Arabia, Morocco, Bahrain, Egypt, and Kuwait	[13, 16, 73, 88]
Phaeangium lefebvrei	Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and Kuwait	[14]
Choiromyces echinulatus	South Africa	[86]
(Eremiomyces echinulatus)		[82]
Picoa juniper	Tunisia	[89]
Picoa lefebvrei	Tunisia	[89]
Kalaharituber pfeilii	South Africa, Botswana	[82]
Types of mushrooms
Pleurotus sp.	Almost in all African and Middle Eastern countries	[51]
Agaricus sp.	Almost in all African and Middle Eastern countries
Lentinus sp.	Cameroon, Nigeria	[90]
Russula sp.	Madagascar, Zimbabwe	[91, 92]
Cantharellus sp.
Afroboletus luteolus
Termitomyces sp.	Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Tanzania, Zaire, and Benin	[93]
Lactarius sp.		[94]
Cantharellus sp.		[95]
Amanita zambiana
Schizophyllum commune	Ethiopia	[96]
Chlorophyllum sp.	Burkina Faso	[97]
Phlebopus sp.