Comparing Once- versus Twice-Weekly Yoga Classes for Chronic Low Back Pain in Predominantly Low Income Minorities: A Randomized Dosing Trial
Table 4
Outcome measurements at 6 and 12 weeks.
Outcome measure
Mean baseline value (SD)
Mean change from baseline (95% CI)
6 weeks
value
12 weeks
value
Pain
Once-weekly classes
7.1 (1.4)
−1.8 (−2.5 to −1.2)
−2.1 (−2.9 to −1.3)
Twice-weekly classes
6.7 (1.8)
−1.5 (−2.1 to −1.0)
−2.4 (−3.1 to −1.8)
Between-group difference in means
−0.3 (−1.1 to 0.6)
0.3 (−0.2 to 0.8)
RMDQ
Once-weekly classes
13.7 (4.8)
−4.4 (−6.0 to −2.8)
−5.1 (−7.0 to −3.2)
Twice-weekly classes
13.6 (5.2)
−3.8 (−5.2 to −2.4)
−4.9 (−6.5 to −3.3)
Between-group difference in means
−0.6 (−2.7 to 1.6)
−0.1 (−1.4 to 1.2)
SF-36 Physical
Once-weekly classes
37.5 (7.4)
6.7 (4.1 to 9.4)
6.4 (3.6 to 9.2)
Twice-weekly classes
37.4 (7.9)
5.1 (3.2 to 7.0)
6.3 (4.1 to 8.4)
Between-group difference in means
1.6 (−1.6 to 4.9)
0.2 (−3.4 to 3.7)
SF-36 Mental
Once-weekly classes
44.8 (12.4)
4.8 (1.9 to 7.7)†
4.0 (1.3 to 6.7)‡
Twice-weekly classes
44.1 (13.1)
2.6 (−0.4 to 5.6)
2.5 (−0.7 to 5.7)
Between-group difference in means
2.2 (−1.9 to 6.3)
1.5 (−2.6 to 5.6)
All analyses are unadjusted and performed using the intent to treat principle. After controlling for potential confounders (race, education, duration of chronic low back pain, satisfaction with previous back care, and previous yoga use) and baseline outcome measurements, adjusted results were nearly identical to the unadjusted results. Abbreviations: SD: standard deviation; RMDQ: modified Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire; SF-36: the Short Form-36 Health Survey. for within-group difference compared to baseline. for within-group difference compared to baseline. for within-group difference compared to baseline.