| | Taxonomic category/species | Conditions to which remedies are prescribed |
| | Molluscs | | | Phacoides pectinata (Gmelin, 1791) | Sexual impotence | | Mytella charruana (Orbigny, 1842) | Ophthalmological problems | | Mytella guyanensis (Lamarck, 1819) | Weakness | | Crassostrea rhizophorae (Guilding, 1828) | Osteoporosis, pneumonia, stomach ache, cancer, flu, weakness, pain relief in injuries caused by the dorsal fin spine of a species of catfish, anemia, and tuberculosis | | Anomalocardia brasiliana (Gmelin, 1791) | Asthma, flu, stomach and ache |
| | Crustaceans | | | Cardisoma guanhumi (Latreille, 1825)NE/IN | Asthma, bronchitis, wounds, and boils | | Goniopsis cruentata (Latreille, 1802) | Epilepsy, venereal disease | | Ucides cordatus (Linnaeus, 1763)DD/IN | Hemorrhage in women, incontinence, osteoporosis, cough, asthma, tuberculosis, womb disorders, arthrosis, and bronchitis | | Macrobrachium carcinus (Linnaeus, 1758) | Amnesia | | Macrobrachium acanthurus (Wiegmann, 1836) | Irritation when milk teeth are erupting | | Macrobrachium borellii (Nobili, 1896) | Irritation when milk teeth are erupting | | Xiphopenaeus schmitti (Burkenroad, 1936) | Irritation when milk teeth are erupting, skin spots | | Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862) | Irritation when milk teeth are erupting, skin spots | | Aratus pisonii (H. Milne Edwards, 1837) | Epilepsy, to alleviate the symptoms of intoxication with poison of Colomesus psittacus (a species of pufferfish) |
| | Fishes | | | Trachelyopterus galeatus (Linnaeus, 1766) | Umbilical hernia, asthma, and sexual impotence | | Leporinus friderici (Bloch, 1794) | Earache | | Schizodon knerii (Steindachner, 1875) | Leucoma, edema | | Bagre bagre (Linnaeus, 1766) | Injuries caused by itself | | Genidens barbus (Lacepède, 1803) | Pain relief caused in injuries by the species’ sting | | Genidens genidens (Cuvier, 1829) | Injuries caused by itself | | Sciadeichthys luniscutis (Valenciennes, 1837) | Pain relief caused in injuries by the species’ sting | | Aspredo aspredo (Linnaeus, 1758) | Asthma | | Aspredinichthys tibicen (Valenciennes, 1840) | Asthma | | Balistes capriscus (Gronow, 1854)DD/IN | Bronchitis | | Balistes vetula (Linnaeus, 1758)VU | Stroke, asthma, thrombosis, earache, pain relief caused in injuries by the species’ sting, hemorrhage, ascites, schistosomiasis, appendicitis, menstrual cramps, and gastritis | | Thalassophryne nattereri (Steindachner, 1876) | Pain relief caused in injuries by the species’ sting | | Callichthys callichthys (Linnaeus, 1758) | Asthma, umbilical hernia | | Carcharhinus limbatus (Müller and Henle, 1839)LC | Osteoporosis | | Carcharhinus porosus (Ranzani, 1840) | Asthma, rheumatism, wounds, inflammations, osteoporosis, and anemia | | Galeocerdo cuvier (Péron and Lesueur, 1822)LC | Osteoporosis | | Rhizoprionodon lalandii (Müller and Henle, 1839) | Rheumatism | | Rhizoprionodon porosus (Poey, 1861) | Rheumatism | | Sphyrna lewini (Griffith and Smith, 1834)LC/IN | Asthma, wounds, rheumatism, and inflammation | | Centropomus parallelus (Poey, 1860) | Nephritis | | Centropomus undecimalis (Bloch, 1792) | Edema in the legs | | Astyanax bimaculatus (Linnaeus, 1758) | Alcoholism, leishmaniasis, skin burns, wounds, and rheumatism | | Brycon nattereri (Günther, 1864) | Flu | | Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1818)DD/IN | Paralysi of arms and legs | | Hydrolycus scomberoides (Cuvier, 1816) | Earache | | Opisthonema oglinum (Lesueur, 1818) | Alcoholism | | Dasyatis guttata (Bloch and Schneider, 1801) | Asthma, pain relief caused in injuries by the species’ sting, and burns | | Dasyatis marianae (Gomes, Rosa, and Gadig, 2000) | Asthma, pain relief caused in injuries by the species’ sting, and burns | | Franciscodoras marmoratus (Reinhardt, 1874) | Injuries caused by itself | | Lithodoras dorsalis (Valenciennes, 1840) | Swelling | | Megalodoras uranoscopus (Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1888) | Rheumatism | | Platydoras costatus (Linnaeus, 1758) | Rheumatism | | Pterodoras granulosus (Valenciennes, 1821) | Rheumatism | | Oxydoras niger (Valenciennes, 1821) | Rheumatism | | Echeneis naucrates
Linnaeus, 1758
| Asthma, bronchitis | | Erythrinus erythrinus (Bloch and Schneider, 1801) | Asthma | | Hoplias malabaricus (Bloch, 1794) | Ophthalmological problems, rheumatism, cataracts, wounds, snake bite, conjunctivitis, stroke, thrombosis, asthma, toothache, fever, earache, diarrhea, deafness, boils, bleedings, alcoholism, tetanus, sore throat, itching, sprains, and leucoma | | Gadus morhua (Linnaeus, 1758)VU | Boils | | Ginglymostoma cirratum (Bonnaterre, 1788)DD | Rheumatism | | Pimelodella brasiliensis (Steindachner, 1876) | Injuries caused by that fish species | | Holocentrus adscensionis (Osbeck, 1765) | Wounds | | Megalops atlanticus (Valenciennes, 1847) | Stroke, headache, asthma, shortness of breath, thrombosis, chest pain, and injuries caused by bang | | Gymnothorax funebris (Ranzani, 1840) | Bleeding (wounds) | | Gymnothorax moringa (Cuvier, 1829) | Bleeding (wounds) | | Gymnothorax vicinus (Castelnau, 1855) | Bleeding (wounds) | | Aetobatus narinari (Euphrasen, 1790)LC | Asthma, pain relief caused in injuries by the species’ sting, burns, and hemorrhage | | Narcine brasiliensis (Olfers, 1831) | Toothache | | Arapaima gigas (Schinz, 1822)DD/II/IN | Asthma, pneumonia | | Phractocephalus hemioliopterus (Bloch and Schneider, 1801) | Asthma, wounds, hernia, burns in the skin, rheumatism, flu, and cough | | Pseudoplatystoma corruscans (Spix and Agassiz, 1829) | Flu | | Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum (Lunnaeus, 1776) | Cold | | Sorubimichthys planiceps (Spix and Agassiz, 1829) | Leishmaniasis, tuberculosis | | Zungaro zungaro (Humboldt, 1821)DD/IN | Asthma, toothache, earache, wounds, athlete’s foot, burns in the skin, rheumatism, and flu | | Paratrygon aiereba (Müller and Henle, 1841) | Asthma, hernia, flu, pneumonia, cough, earache, and burns | | Potamotrygon hystrix (Müller and Henle, 1834) | Asthma, hernia, flu, pneumonia, cough, earache, and burns | | Potamotrygon motoro (Müller and Henle, 1841) | Asthma, hernia, flu, pneumonia, cough, earache, and burns | | Potamotrygon orbignyi (Castelnau, 1855) | Pain relief caused in injuries by that species’ sting | | Plesiotrygon iwamae (Rosa, Castello, and Thorson, 1987) | Pain relief caused in injuries by the species’ sting, wounds, and cracks in the sole of the feet | | Pristis pectinata (Latham, 1794)CR | Asthma, rheumatism, and arthritis | | Pristis perotteti (Müller and Henle, 1841)CR | Asthma, rheumatism, and arthritis | | Prochilodus argenteus (Spix and Agassiz, 1829) | To avoid swelling of the breast feeding, mycosis | | Prochilodus nigricans (Spix and Agassiz, 1829) | Chilblain, skin burns, wounds, rheumatism, and eye pains | | Atlantoraja cyclophora (Regan, 1903)VU | Hemorrhage after delivery | | Mylossoma duriventre (Cuvier, 1818) | Venereal disease | | Serrasalmus brandtii (Lütken, 1875) | Inflammations, sexual impotence | | Cynoscion acoupa (Lacepède, 1801) | Renal failure | | Cynoscion leiarchus (Cuvier, 1830) | Renal failure | | Micropogonias furnieri (Desmarest, 1823) | Pain relief caused in injuries by the species’ sting, cough, asthma, and bronchitis | | Pachyurus francisci (Cuvier, 1830) | Asthma, urinary incontinence, and backache | | Plagioscion surinamensis (Bleeker, 1873) | Urinary disorders, hemorrhage, and snake bites | | Plagioscion squamosissimus (Heckel, 1840) | Urinary disorders, hemorrhage, and snake bites | | Calamus penna (Valenciennes, 1830) | Asthma | | Synbranchus marmoratus (Bloch, 1795) | Bronchitis | | Colomesus psittacus (Bloch and Schneider, 1801) | Breast cancer, backache, and warts | | Sphoeroides testudineus (Linnaeus, 1758) | Rheumatism | | Trichiurus lepturus (Linnaeus, 1758) | Asthma | | Urotrygon microphthalmum (Delsman, 1941) | Asthma, pain relief caused in injuries by the species’ sting, and burns |
| | Reptiles | | | Iguana iguana (Linnaeus, 1758)DD/II | Earache, erysipelas, asthma, rheumatism, edema, abscesses, joint pain, wounds, acne, athlete’s foot, sore throat, swelling, burn, tumor, to suck a splinter out of skin or flesh, boil, injuries caused by the spines of the “arraia” and others fishes, inflammation, and hernia | | Tupinambis merianae (Duméril and Bibron, 1839)DD/II | Earache, deafness, rheumatism, erysipelas, skin thorns and wounds, respiratory diseases, sore throat, snake bite, asthma, tumor, swelling, infection, and bronchitis
| | Tupinambis teguixin (Linnaeus 1758)DD/II | Sexual impotence, rheumatism, erysipelas, dermatitis, snake bites, asthma, tetanus, earache, thrombosis, wounds, paronychia, swelling, herpes zoster, irritation when milk teeth are erupting, jaundice, inflammation, tumor, sore throat, infection, bronchitis, injuries caused by the spines of the “arraia,” pain relief in injuries caused by snake bites, toothache, suck a splinter out of skin or fresh, headache, cough, stroke, and coarse throat | | Boa constrictor (Linnaeus, 1758)DD/II | Rheumatism, lung disease, thrombosis, boils, tuberculosis, stomach ache, edema, snake bite, cancer, ache, swelling, to prevent abort, pain in the body, inflammation, athlete’s foot, calluses, tumors, cracks in the sole of the feet, goiter, sore throat, arthrosis, insect sting, dog bite, erysipelas, thrombosis, asthma, neck strain, and strain muscle | | Eunectes murinus (Linnaeus, 1758)DD/II | Wounds, skin problems, bruises, sprains, arthrosis, rheumatism, boils, sexual impotence, headache, sore throat, thrombosis, swelling, tumour, asthma, muscle strain, numbness, syphilis, to reduce pain, and luxation | | Caretta caretta (Linnaeus, 1758)VU/I | Injuries caused by bang, toothache, diabetes, headache, backache, wounds, cough, bronchitis, asthma, thrombosis, rheumatism, stroke, hoarseness, flu, backache, earache, sore throat, and swelling | | Chelonia mydas (Linnaeus, 1758)VU/I | Injuries caused by bang, toothache, diabetes, headache, backache, wounds, cough, bronchitis, asthma, flu, thrombosis, rheumatism, toothache, stroke, hoarseness, earache, sore throat, swelling, whooping cough, arthritis, erysipelas, boil, wounds, arthrosis, and inflammation | | Eretmochelys imbricata (Linnaeus, 1766)EN/I | Injuries caused by bang, toothache, diabetes, headache, backache, wounds, cough, bronchitis, asthma, thrombosis, stroke, hoarseness, flu, rheumatism, earache, sore throat, and swelling
| | Lepidochelys olivacea (Eschscholtz, 1829)EM/I | Injuries caused by bang, toothache, diabetes, headache, backache, wounds, cough, flu, bronchitis, asthma, thrombosis, rheumatism, stroke, and hoarseness | | Dermochelys coriacea (Vandelli, 1761)CR/I | Rheumatism, earache, sore throat, and swelling | | Rhinoclemmys punctularia (Daudin, 1802) | Wounds, tumor, erysipelas, earache, and rheumatism | | Podocnemis expansa (Schweiger, 1812)LC/II | Inflammation, acne, tumor, boil, rheumatism, pterygium, skin spots, backache, earache, arthrosis, arthritis, swelling, and wrinkle | | Podocnemis unifilis (Troschel, 1848)VU/II | Wounds, tumor, erysipelas, earache, and rheumatism | | Podocnemis sextuberculata (Cornalia, 1849) | Blackhead; acne | | Peltocephalus dumerilianus (Schweigger, 1812) | Blackhead; acne | | Caiman crocodilus (Linnaeus, 1758)LC/II | Asthma, stroke, bronchitis, backache, earache, rheumatism, thrombosis, sexual impotence, snake bites (antidote), evil eye, irritation when milk teeth are erupting, discharge, swelling, scratch, athlete’s foot, ophthalmological problems, asthma, sore throat, amulet used as a protection against snake bite, rheumatism, hernia, prostate problems, infection, and thrombosis | | Caiman latirostris (Daudin, 1801)LC/II | Asthma, sore throat, amulet used as a protection against snake bite, rheumatism, irritation when milk teeth are erupting, hernia, and prostate problems | | Melanosuchus niger (Spix, 1825)LC/II | Thrombosis, infection, swelling, asthma, amulet used as a protection against snake bite, injuries caused by spines of the “arraia,” and pain relief in injuries caused by snake bites | | Paleosuchus palpebrosus (Cuvier, 1807)LC/II | Snake bite, asthma, stroke, rheumatism, thrombosis, backache, sexual impotence, edema, mycosis, evil eye, irritation when milk teeth are erupting, snake bite (antidote), discharge, sore throat, amulet used as a protection against snake bite, hernia, and prostate problems | | Paleosuchus trigonatus (Schneider, 1801)DD/II | Rheumatism |
| | Birds | | | Anser anser (Linnaeus, 1758) | Laryngitis, pharyngitis, and tonsillitis | | Ardea cocoi (Linnaeus, 1766) | Swelling, inflammation, injuries caused by the spines of the “arraia” and others fishes, asthma, boil, tumor, inflammation, rheumatism, and earache | | Penelope jacucaca (Spix, 1825)VU | Insomnia | | Ciconia maguari (Gmelin, 1789) | Injuries caused by the spines of the “arraia” and others fishes, and thrombosis | | Leptotila rufaxilla (Richard and Bernard, 1792) | Thrombosis | | Columba livia (Gmelin, 1789) | Asthma, laryngitis, pharyngitis, and tonsillitis | | Meleagris gallopavo (Linnaeus, 1758) | Asthma | | Rhea americana (Linnaeus, 1758)LC/II | General aches, rheumatism, thrombosis, and strokes | | Crypturellus noctivagus (Wied, 1820)VU | Thrombosis, stroke | | Nothura boraquira (Spix, 1825) | Thrombosis, stroke | | Rhynchotus rufescens (Temminck, 1815) | Snake bite, thrombosis, and snake bites (antidote) | | Mammals | | | Agouti paca (Linnaeus, 1766)LC/III | Wound in the breast caused by suckling, ophthalmological problems, stomach disorders, pterygium, to suck a splinter out of skin or flesh, injuries caused by the spines of “arraia,” and control cholesterol level | | Bubalus bubalis (Linnaeus, 1758) | Rheumatism, osteoporosis, and thrombosis | | Capra hircus (Linnaeus, 1758) | Evil eye, snake bite, and muscle strain | | Bradypus variegatus (Shinz, 1825) | Thrombosis | | Bradypus tridactylus (Linnaeus, 1758) | Thrombosis, insects bite, and scorpions bite | | Cavia aperea (Erxleben, 1777) | Inflammation | | Kerodon rupestris (Wied-Neuwied, 1820) | Constipation | | Alouatta belzebul (Linnaeus, 1766)CR | Whooping cough, sore throat, and asthma | | Alouatta nigerrima (Lönnberg, 1941) | Whooping cough, inflammation | | Alouatta seniculus (Linnaeus, 1766)LC/II | Whooping cough, inflammation, and to accelerate parturition | | Cebus apella (Linnaeus, 1758)LC/II | Insect sting | | Blastocerus dichotomus (Illiger, 1815)VU/I | Diarrhea, vomit | | Mazama americana (Erxleben, 1777)DD/III | Stroke | | Mazama simplicicornis (Illinger, 1811) | Diarrhea, verminosis, and evil eye
| | Mazama cf. gouazoubira (G. Fischer, 1814) | Asthma, edema, rheumatism, snake bite, thrombosis, to assist children who take longer than usual to start walking, toothache, wounds, and sprains | | Ozotocerus bezoarticus (Linnaeus, 1758) | Diarrhea, verminosis, and evil eye | | Dasypus novemcinctus (Linnaeus, 1758) | Thrombosis, insects bite, scorpions bite, edema, asthma, deafness, earache, and evil eye | | Euphractus sexcinctus (Linnaeus, 1758) | Wounds, earache, evil eye, asthma, sore throat, pneumonia, sinusitis, deafness, and coarse throat | | Tolypeutes tricinctus (Linnaeus, 1758)VU | Thrombosis, rheumatism | | Dasyprocta prymnolopha (Wagler, 1831) | Asthma, thrombosis | | Sotalia fluviatilis (Gervais and Deville, 1853)DD/I | Asthma, headache, rheumatism, hernia, womb disorders, sore throat, injuries caused by the spines of the “arraia,” swelling, hemorrhoids inflammation, wounds, earache, erysipelas, athlete’s foot, tumor, and cancer | | Sotalia guianensis (P. J. Van Bénéden, 1864) | Asthma, headache, rheumatism, hernia, womb disorders, sore throat, injuries caused by the spines of the “arraia,” swelling, hemorrhoids inflammation, wounds, earache, erysipelas, athlete’s foot, tumor, and cancer | | Coendou prehensilis (Linnaeus, 1758) | Bronchitis, thrombosis, epilepsy, stroke, abscesses, conjunctivitis, and asthma | | Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris (Linnaeus, 1766) | Thrombosis, conjunctivitis, venereal disease, rheumatism, earache, strengthen bones, liver pain, bronchitis, asthma, wounds, erysipelas, and cough | | Inia geoffrensis (Blainville, 1817)VU/II | Asthma, headache, rheumatism, hernia, womb disorders, sore throat, injuries caused by the spines of the “arraia,” swelling, hemorrhoids inflammation, wounds, earache, erysipelas, athlete’s foot, tumor, and cancer | | Sylvilagus brasiliensis (Linnaeus, 1758) | Thrombosis, conjunctivitis, boils, and burns | | Conepatus semistriatus (Boddaert, 1785) | Rheumatism | | Lontra longicaudis (Olfers, 1818)DD/I | Thrombosis | | Myrmecophaga tridactyla (Linnaeus, 1758)VU/II | Thrombosis, stroke | | Myrmecophaga tetradactyla (Linnaeus, 1758) | Edema, thrombosis | | Tapirus terrestris (Linnaeus, 1758)VU/II | Rheumatism, arthrosis, osteoporosis, bursitis, muscular pain, asthma, and tonsillitis | | Pecari tajacu (Linnaeus 1758)LC/II/III | Thrombosis, bronchitis, and stroke | | Tayassu pecari (Link, 1795)LC/II | Thrombosis, stroke | | Trichechus inunguis (Natterer, 1883)VU/I | Sprains, vaginal discharge, injuries caused by bang, burns, asthma, menstrual cramps, rheumatism, sore throat, wounds, muscle strain, suck a splinter out of skin or fresh, tumor, backache, hernia, arthrosis, luxation, menstrual cramps, and insects bite | | Trichechus manatus (Linnaeus, 1758)CR/I | Sprains, vaginal discharge, injuries caused by bang, burns, asthma, menstrual cramps, rheumatism, sore throat, wounds, muscle strain, suck a splinter out of skin or fresh, tumor, backache hernia, arthrosis, luxation, menstrual cramps, and insects bite |
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