Brazilian Propolis Antileishmanial and Immunomodulatory Effects
Figure 4
IL-12 and TNF-α production (pg/mL) by peritoneal macrophages and liver cells from propolis-treated mice (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg), infected or not with L. braziliensis for 2 h. (a) IL-12 production by peritoneal exudate; (b) IL-12 production by liver cells; (c) TNF-α production by peritoneal exudate; (d) TNF-α production by liver cells. Data represent mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. *Significantly different from control ().
