Ginkgo biloba Extract for Patients with Early Diabetic Nephropathy: A Systematic Review

Table 2

Characteristics of the included studies.

Author, year	Study design	Duration	No. of participants, treatment; group/control group	Treatment group: Age (yrs); mean, SD or min-max	Control group: Age (yrs); mean, SD or min-max	Total group: Age (yrs); mean, SD or min-max	Treatment group: Medication,; name, form, dosage	Control group: Medication,; name, form, dosage	Adverse; events
Chen, 2010; [15]	RCT, Ginkgo + ACEi/ARB versus ACEi/ARB	21 days	34/34	44, 6	43, 8	Unclear	Ginkgo biloba extract injection 20 mL qd, Erbesartan oral 150 mg qd	Erbesartan oral 150 mg qd	Not noted
Chu, 2010; [16]	RCT, Ginkgo + ACEi/ARB versus ACEi/ARB	56 days	58/54	56.1, 14.4	56.2, 15.6	Unclear	Ginkgo biloba extract injection 20 mL qd, valsartan 80 mg qd	Valsartan 80 mg qd	Not noted
Han,; 2008 [17]	RCT, Ginkgo + ACEi/ARB versus ACEi/ARB	42 days	35/30	Unclear	Unclear	50.6, 12.5	Ginkgo biloba extract injection 20 mL qd, Lotensin 10–20 mg qd	Lotensin 10–20 mg qd	Not noted
Huang et al., 2006 [18]	RCT, Ginkgo + conventional treatment versus conventional treatment	14 days	23/22	54, 9	54, 9	Unclear	Ginkgo biloba extract injection 20 mL qd	Conventional treatment	Not noted
Li and Han,; 2010 [19]	RCT, Ginkgo + ACEi/ARB versus ACEi/ARB	28 days	36/32	Unclear	Unclear	46–74	Ginkgo biloba extract injection 20 mL qd, Fosinopril oral 10 mg qd	Fosinopril oral 10 mg qd	Mild cough three in treatment group, two in control group
Li et al.,; 2007 [20]	RCT, Ginkgo + conventional treatment versus conventional treatment	60 days	34/29	66.19, 7.13	68.2, 71.7	Unclear	Ginkgo biloba extract 2 tables tid	Conventional treatment	Not noted
P. Y. Lu, 2005; [21]	RCT, Ginkgo + conventional treatment versus conventional treatment	28 days	34/30	41–78	45–72	Unclear	Ginkgo biloba extract injection 20 mL qd	Conventional treatment	Not noted
J. Lu, 2005; [22]	RCT, Ginkgo + conventional treatment versus conventional treatment	28 days	30/30	58.9, 8.5	57.1, 7.9	Unclear	Ginkgo biloba extract injection 15 mL qd	Conventional treatment	No adverse effect was found
Qiu, 2006; [23]	RCT, Ginkgo + conventional treatment versus conventional treatment	14 days	32/28	Unclear	Unclear	51, 9	Ginkgo biloba extract injection 20 mL qd	Conventional treatment	No adverse effect was found
Quan, 2003; [24]	RCT, Ginkgo + conventional treatment versus conventional treatment	28 days	50/50	Unclear	Unclear	50.5, 12.5	Ginkgo biloba extract injection 20 mL qd	Conventional treatment	Not noted
Tian, 2009; [25]	RCT, Ginkgo + conventional treatment versus conventional treatment	28 days	30/30	59.8, 6.4	60.3, 5.7	Unclear	Ginkgo biloba extract injection 20 mL qd	Conventional treatment	Not noted
Wang, 2003 [26]	RCT, Ginkgo + conventional treatment versus conventional treatment	28 days	30/30	54.3, 5.2	56.0, 6.5	Unclear	Ginkgo biloba extract injection 20 mL qd	Conventional treatment	Not noted
Wang, 2005; [27]	RCT, Ginkgo + conventional treatment versus conventional treatment	28 days	30/30	36.7, 11.3	37.1, 10.9	Unclear	Ginkgo biloba extract injection 20 mL qd	Conventional treatment	Not noted
Zhang, 2009; [28]	RCT, Ginkgo + ACEi/ARB versus ACEi/ARB	28 days	35/30	Unclear	Unclear	50.2, 8.5	Ginkgo biloba extract injection 20 mL qd, Benazepril 10 mg qd	Benazepril 10 mg qd	Not noted
Zhang, 2007; [29]	RCT, Ginkgo + conventional treatment versus conventional treatment	21 days	42/42	58.2, 3.6	59.5, 3.4	Unclear	Ginkgo biloba extract injection 10 mL qd	Conventional treatment	Not noted
Zhang et al., 2006 [30]	RCT, Ginkgo + conventional treatment versus conventional treatment	20 days	30/30	Unclear	Unclear	51.2, 2.3	Ginkgo biloba extract injection 20 mL qd	Conventional treatment	Not noted

RCT: random control trial; ACEi: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB: angiotensin II receptor blockers.