Does Oral Ingestion of Piper sarmentosum Cause Toxicity in Experimental Animals?

Table 1

Table showing changes in the food and water consumption of rats throughout the experimental period.

	Control	Piper sarmentosum aqueous extract (mg/kg)
	Week 1	Week 2	Week 3	Week 4
Male
Water consumption (mL)
Control	31.0±1.2	36.3±0.8	40.4±1.6	44.6±2.4
PSAE 50 mg/kg	32.4±3.5	38.1±4.4	36.4±4.1	38.8±4.0
PSAE 300 mg/kg	35.0±2.8	35.9±2.8	38.0±3.8	35.3±2.8
PSAE 2000 mg/kg	30.8±5.1	35.0±6.3	34.7±6.3	40.2±7.5
Food consumption (g)
Control	19.5±0.7	21.9±0.8	23.0±0.8	22.6±1.3
PSAE 50 mg/kg	18.8±1.0	21.3±1.2	21.4±1.0	21.1±0.6
PSAE 300 mg/kg	22.6±1.5	22.7±1.3	22.9±1.0	21.1±1.7
PSAE 2000 mg/kg	16.2±0.7	17.1±1.2	17.1±1.2	19.6±1.3
Female
Water consumption (mL)
Control	28.3±3.2	29.7±2.3	32.7±1.8	30.3±1.3
PSAE 50 mg/kg	31.1±3.8	30.5±2.3	33.2±1.8	33.3±0.9
PSAE 300 mg/kg	37.0±3.0	33.8±3.0	38.7±1.9	35.1±0.9
PSAE 2000 mg/kg	29.2±2.8	29.5±2.8	28.9±2.2	29.7±2.0
Food consumption (g)
Control	14.0±0.7	16.0±0.4	16.1±0.5	15.5±0.6
PSAE 50 mg/kg	12.3±0.4	14.1±0.4	13.6±0.9	13.9±0.3
PSAE 300 mg/kg	15.4±0.7	17.1±0.4	17.1±1.5	18.0±1.0
PSAE 2000 mg/kg	12.6±0.6	15.7±1.8	15.8±0.9	15.7±1.4

Data were expressed as mean ± SEM. *𝑃 value < 0.05 is significant compared to control group; ^#𝑃 value < 0.05 is significant compared to baseline value; ^β𝑃 value < 0.05 is significant compared to other groups.