Renal Protective Role of Xiexin Decoction with Multiple Active Ingredients Involves Inhibition of Inflammation through Downregulation of the Nuclear Factor-𝜅B Pathway in Diabetic Rats

Table 4

Effect of Xiexin decoction on metabolic parameters and renal function in diabetic rats.

Groups	NC	DM	DM + XXDL	DM + XXDH	DM + losartan	DM + metformin
FBG (mmol/L)	3.0±0.5^∗∗	22.3±2.8	21.0±3.3	17.2±2.9^∗	21.6±4.4	9.4±2.5^∗∗
HbA1c (%)	4.0±0.1^∗∗	7.2±0.3	6.6±0.9^∗	6.6±0.2^∗	6.9±0.2	6.6±0.5^∗∗
GAUC (mmol/L×h)	28.6±4.7^∗∗	117.1±6.4	89.9±6.4^∗∗	77.4±10.7^∗∗	111.8±11.1	70.9±9.5^∗∗
Serum triglyceride (mmol/L)	0.6±0.2^∗∗	1.1±0.6	0.6±0.2^∗	0.5±0.1^∗∗	0.7±0.3	1.0±0.3
Serum cholesterol (mmol/L)	1.1±0.2^∗∗	1.5±0.2	1.2±0.2	1.1±0.2^∗∗	1.3±0.2	1.2±0.4
Creatinine clearance (mL min^−1kg^−1)	3.1±1.5^∗∗	7.5±3.9	3.6±0.9^∗∗	3.7±1.9^∗∗	4.8±3.6^∗	4.6±2.7^∗
Kidney weight/body weight (%)	0.58±0.05^∗∗	1.18±0.06	1.12±0.16	1.04±0.10^∗	1.00±0.05^∗	1.10±0.04

NC: normal control; DM: diabetic model control; XXDL: XXD extract 1.25 g/kg; XXDH: XXD extract 2.5 g/kg; losartan 10 mg/kg and metformin 100 mg/kg. NC and DM were treated with normal saline. All the rats were administered via intragastric gavage once time each day for 12 weeks. FBG: fasting blood glucose; GAUC: area under the blood glucose response curve. Data are expressed as mean ± SD; 𝑛 = 8–10. ^∗𝑃<0.05 and ^∗∗𝑃<0.01 as compared with DM.