Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 16 Randomized Clinical Trials of Radix Astragali and Its Prescriptions for Diabetic Retinopathy

Table 1

Characteristics of evaluated studies.

					Baseline of participants				Interventions		Outcomes
Trials	Simple size	Eyes	Random method	DM type	Gender	DR stage	Age (yr)	Period	Experimental group	Control group
Bai et al., 2010 (1) [29]	37 (15/12)	29/24	NMT	2	(9 M : 6 F)/(7 M : 5 F)	Moderate NPDR	55±8/50±9	12 W	50 mL huangqi decoction, bid	None	VA
Bai et al., 2010 (2) [29]	29 (13/16)	23/30	NMT	3	(4 M : 9 F)/(5 M : 11 F)	Severe NPDR	54±11/59±9	12 W	50 mL huangqi decoction, bid	None	VA
Gao, 2009 [30]	60 (30/30)	60/60	RNT	2	(15 M : 15 F)/(14 M : 16 F)	I–III	56.33±8.6/54.16±7.1	8 W	300 mL huangqi decoction, bid	6 g shihuyeguang pill (ingredient not including huangqi), tid	VA
Wu et al., 2009 [31]	44 (20/24)	20/24	Computer	2	(11 M : 9 F)/(8 M : 16 F)	NPDR	55.04±7.05/56.07±6.82	12 W	4 pills of huangqi capsule, tid + 2 pills placobo calcium dobesilate capsule, tid	4 pills placobo huangqi capsule, tid + 2 pills calcium dobesilate capsule, tid	VA, FBG, HbA1C, RAI
Ling and Xu, 2006 [32]	51 (30/21)	55/35	NMT	2	(20 M : 10 F)/(14 M : 7 F)	I–IV	57.2/56.8	12 W	Huangqi decoction, bid	2 tablets of pancreatic kinionogenase enteric-coated Tablet, tid	VA, FM
Zhou et al., 2007 [33]	120 (70/50)	129/91	NMT	NMT	(30 M : 40 F)/(21 M : 29 F)	NPDR	53.8/54.7	12 W	1.5 g huangqi capsule, tid	120 IU pancreatic kinionogenase enteric-coated tablet, tid	VA, TC, TG, PV
Cai et al., 2005 [34]	60 (30/30)	60/60	NMT	2	(18 M : 12 F)/(17 M : 13 F)	I–III	56.3±11.3/60.2±9.2	16 W	Huangqi decoction, bid	10 mL xueshuantong injection, ivgtt, qd	VA
Liang et al., 2008 [35]	60 (30/30)	60/60	NMT	2	(12 M : 18 F)/(14 M : 16 F)	NPDR and PDR	59.6/61.2	8 W	Huangqi decoction, bid	500 mg doxium, bid	VA, FM, TG
Teng, 2004 [36]	60 (30/30)	60/60	RNT	NMT	24 M : 36 F	NPDR	NMT	10 Mos	250 mL huangqi decoction, bid	500 mg doxium, bid	VA, TC, TG
Li, 2004 [37]	48 (24/24)	48/48	NMT	NMT	(14 M : 10 F)/(13 M : 11 F)	I–III	(58.72±6.74)/(54.81±6.84)	3 Mos	100 mL huangqi decoction, bid	2 tablets of ifrarel, tid	VA, FBG, HbA1C, TC, TG, PV, RAI
Chen et al., 2009 [38]	46	49/41	NMT	2	NMT	NPDR	NMT	3 Mos	Huangqi decoction, bid	500 mg calcium dobesilate capsule, bid	VA, FM
Lei et al., 2008 (1) [39]	68 (34/34)	34/34	NMT	NMT	(16 M : 18 F)/(19 M : 15 F)	I–III	56.4±7.3/57.5±6.6	2 Mos	Huangqi decoction, qd	50 mg aspirin, qd	VA
Lei et al., 2008 (2) [39]	68 (34/34)	34/34	NMT	NMT	(18 M : 16 F)/(19 M : 15 F)	I–III	59.6±7.7/57.5±6.6	2 Mos	Huangqi decoction, qd + 50 mg aspirin, qd	50 mg aspirin, qd	VA
Xiong et al., 2009 [40]	40 (20/20)	32/34	HN	2	(9 M : 11 F)/(10 M : 10 F)	I–III	45–70/43–70	90 D	Huangqi decoction, bid	500 mg doxium capsule, bid	VA, FM, FBG, HbA1C, PV, RAI
Zhang, 2010 [41]	46 (23/23)	23/23	NMT	NMT	(10 M : 13 F)/(11 M : 12 F)	NMT	52.12±3.70/55.20±4.11	4–8 W	6 g huangqi pills, bid	Conventional treatment of DM	VA
Zhu et al., 1996 [42]	30 (15/15)	30/30	HN	2	(8 M : 7 F)/(7 M : 8 F)	I–III	56.30±11.30/58.20±9.20	6 Mos	6 pills of huangqi pill, tid	Conventional treatment of DM	VA, FM, TC
Li et al., 1999 [43]	50 (30/20)	56/36	NMT	1, 2	NMT	I–V	NMT	2 Mos	20 mL huangqi decoction, tid	80 mg gliclazie tablet, bid	VA, FM, TC, TG, PV
Cui, 2006 [44]	60 (30/30)	30/30	RNT	2	(12 M : 18 F)/(13 M : 17 F)	NPDR	60.25±5.40/58.70±5.75	90 D	1 dosage of huangqi decoction, qd	100 mg ifrarel, tid, for 20 days, withdraw 10 days and for 3 consecutive courses	VA, FM, FBG

NMT: not mention it, VA: visual acuity, FM: fundus manifestations, PV: plasma viscosity, RNT: random number table, HN: hospitalization number, (1)(2): 2 individual trials conducted in 1 paper.