Proanthocyanidin Attenuation of Oxidative Stress and NF-κB Protects Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice against Diabetic Nephropathy

Table 1

Effects of STZ treatment and dietary PA feeding on the food intake, bodyweight, albuminuria, biochemical parameters, serum AGE, TNFα, IL-6, GSH, and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine of apolipoprotein E-deficient mice.

	Control	Control + PA	Diabetic	Diabetic + PA
Initial bodyweight, g	195.13±9.5	196.33±6.5	196.44±7	197±7.2
Final bodyweight, g	265.5±8.2	234±12.3^a,b	161.8±7.2^a	215.52±8.9^a,b
Glucose, mg/dL	92.78±0.45	96.21±0.57^a,b	265.35±1.45^a	106.71±1.23^b
HbA1c, %	5.24±0.41	6.88±0.52^b	9.42±0.34^a	6.85±0.38^b
Albumin, g/L	38.4±5.7	38.9±8.1	38.2±7.7	38.7±7.5
Total protein, g/L	76±7	69.91±7.5^b	62±6.5^a	65.6±7.1
GSH, mmol/L	0.281±0.015	0.172±0.02^a,b	0.105±0.03^a	0.145±0.021^a,b
Catalase, U/g Hb	94.54±14	86.55±12^b	50.98±15^a	70.11±11^a,b
Glutathione reductase, U/gHb	4.25±0.09	3.21±0.94^b	2.25±0.62^a	2.54±0.54^a,b
Glutathione peroxidase, U/gHb	57.1±11	69.9±9.55^b	145.5±45^a	89.54±10.2^b

Data shown represent mean ± SE of mice, 12 weeks after the treatment with STZ or with the buffer (control) in presence or absence of PA. ^a,bSignificance difference between groups.