Oat Attenuation of Hyperglycemia-Induced Retinal Oxidative Stress and NF-𝜅B Activation in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Table 1

Initial and final body weights, blood biochemical, and physiological parameters of the rats.

	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3	Group 4	Group 5
Initial body weight, g	195.13 ± 9.5	196.44 ± 7	194.19 ± 6	197 ± 7.2	196.33 ± 6.5
Final body weight, g	265.5 ± 8.2	161.8 ± 7.2^a	203.13 ± 16.5^a,b	215.52 ± 8.9^a,b	234 ± 12.3^a,b
Glucose, mg/dL	92.78 ± 0.45	265.35 ± 1.45^a	115.92 ± 1.4^a,b	106.71 ± 1.23^b	96.21 ± 0.57^a,b
HbA1c, %	5.24 ± 0.41	9.42 ± 0.34^a	7.88 ± 0.54^b	6.85 ± 0.38^b	6.88 ± 0.52^b
Albumin, g/L	38.4 ± 5.7	38.2 ± 7.7	38.5 ± 6.5	38.7 ± 7.5	38.9 ± 8.1
Total protein, g/L	76 ± 7	62 ± 6.5^a	63.2 ± 6.5^a	65.6 ± 7.1	69.91 ± 7.5^b
GSH, mmol/L	0.281 ± 0.015	0.105 ± 0.03^a	0.116 ± 0.02^a	0.145 ± 0.021^a,b	0.172 ± 0.02^a,b
Catalase, U/gHb	94.54 ± 14	50.98 ± 15^a	62.13 ± 13^a,b	70.11 ± 11^a,b	86.55 ± 12^b
Glutathione reductase, U/gHb	4.25 ± 0.09	2.25 ± 0.62^a	2.31 ± 0.71^a,b	2.54 ± 0.54^a,b	3.21 ± 0.94^b
Glutathione peroxidase, U/gHb	57.1 ± 11	145.5 ± 45^a	129 ± 11.1^a,b	89.54 ± 10.2^b	69.9 ± 9.55^b

Data are expressed as the means ± SD. Group  1: normal control; group 2: diabetic untreated and groups 3–5: diabetic rats treated with 5, 10, and 20% (W/W) oat in the diet, respectively. Each group consisted of 10 animals.
^a𝑃<0.05 versus normal control group, ^b𝑃<0.05 versus diabetic untreated group.