Research Article
Qigong Exercise Alleviates Fatigue, Anxiety, and Depressive Symptoms, Improves Sleep Quality, and Shortens Sleep Latency in Persons with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome-Like Illness
Table 1
Demographic characteristics and lifestyles variables (
).
| Variables | Qigong () | Waitlist () | value | Mean (SD) | (%) | Mean (SD) | (%) |
| Age (years) | 39.1 (7.8) | | 38.9 (8.1) | | 0.853 | Gender | | | | | | Female | | 46 (61.3%) | | 62 (82.7%) | 0.004 | Employment | | | | | | Full time | | 67 (89.3%) | | 68 (90.7%) | 0.401 | Part time | | 1 (1.3%) | | 3 (4.0%) | Housewife/unemployed/retired | | 7 (9.3%) | | 4 (5.3%) | Education | | | | | | Secondary or below | | 29 (38.7%) | | 27 (36.0%) | 0.234 | Tertiary or undergraduate | | 36 (48.0%) | | 30 (40.0%) | Master or above | | 10 (13.3%) | | 18 (24.0%) | Marital status | | | | | | Single | | 29 (38.7%) | | 26 (34.7%) | 0.242 | Married/cohabiting | | 45 (60.0%) | | 44 (58.7%) | Divorced/separated | | 1 (1.3%) | | 5 (6.7%) | Number of children | | | | | | 0 | | 43 (57.3%) | | 45 (60.0%) | 0.707 | 1 | | 11 (14.7%) | | 12 (16.0%) | 2 | | 18 (24.0%) | | 13 (17.3%) | 3 or more | | 3 (4.0%) | | 8 (5.3%) | Has religious affiliation | | 33 (44.0%) | | 29 (38.7%) | 0.507 | Household monthly income (HK$) | | | | | | <10,000 | | 10 (13.3%) | | 11 (14.7%) | 0.378 | 10,000–19,999 | | 22 (29.3%) | | 22 (29.3%) | 20,000–29,999 | | 19 (25.3%) | | 10 (13.3%) | ≥30,000 | | 10 (13.3%) | | 18 (24.0%) | No income | | 4 (5.3%) | | 3 (4.0%) | Refused to answer | | 10 (13.3%) | | 11 (14.7%) | Lifestyle variables | | | | | | Regular exercise | | 30 (40.0%) | | 27 (36.0%) | 0.614 | Daily smoking | | 3 (4.0%) | | 3 (4.0%) | 1.000 | Alcohol drinking ≥2/week | | 2 (2.7%) | | 3 (4.0%) | 1.000 | Body mass index | 22.3 (4.9) | | 21.6 (3.4) | | 0.360 |
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