Antihyperglycemic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Standardized Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. Extract and Its Active Compound Xanthorrhizol in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice

Table 2

Effects of XAN and CXE treatments on serum levels of insulin, glucose, FFA, and TG in HFD-induced obese mice.

Group	Insulin; (ng/mL)	Glucose; (mg/dL)	FFA; (𝜇Eq/L)	TG; (mg/dL)
ND	0.9 ± 0.5	208.0 ± 68.7	1170.8 ± 171.9	69 ± 9.9
HFD	4.9 ± 1.0^##	359.3 ± 36.1^##	1580.0 ± 152.0^##	106 ± 30.9^##
Met 100	4.1 ± 0.9	297.3 ± 50.3	1374.0 ± 166.2	90 ± 14.2
XAN 10	3.5 ± 0.6*	251.4 ± 8.4*	1178.3 ± 37.1**	84 ± 8.2*
XAN 25	3.2 ± 0.6*	249.5 ± 16.3*	1054.5 ± 20.5**	87 ± 13.4
CXE 50	3.1 ± 0.7*	216.0 ± 60.2**	1125.0 ± 120.0**	83 ± 3.1*
CXE 100	2.7 ± 0.2**	208.3 ± 41.9**	1106.0 ± 67.9**	80 ± 7.6*

Data are expressed as mean ± SD (𝑛=7). ^##𝑃<0.01 compared to the ND group. ^∗𝑃<0.05 and ^∗∗𝑃<0.01 compared to the HFD control group. ND: normal diet, HFD: high-fat diet, Met 100: HFD with metformin 100 mg/kg/day, XAN 10 or 25: HFD with XAN 10 or 25 mg/kg/day, and CXE 50 or 100: HFD with CXE 50 or 100 mg/kg/day.