Auricular Point Acupressure to Manage Chronic Low Back Pain in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study

Table 5

Summary statistics for clinically significant change in pain intensity and back-specific disability by treatment groups.

	Treatment response at EOI; ↓ ≥ 30%; (𝑛)	Treatment response at EOI; ↓< 30%; (𝑛)	Effect size (Odds ratio)	𝑃 value	Treatment response at follow up; ↓≥ 30%; (𝑛)	Treatment response at follow up; ↓< 30%; (𝑛)	Effect size (Odds ratio)	𝑃 value
Worst Pain
Real-ITT	9	10	7.07	<0.01	11	8	10.36	<0.01
Sham-ITT	2	16			2	16
Real-PP	8	6	2.60	<0.01	10	4	5.08	0.02
Sham-PP	2	7			2	7
Disability RMDQ
Real-ITT	9	10	7.97	<0.01	9	10	7.97	<0.01
Sham-ITT	1	17			1	17
Real-PP	8	6	4.66	0.03	8	6	4.66	<0.01
Sham-PP	1	8			1	8

ITT: intention-to-treat.
PP: per-protocol.
RMDQ: Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire.
EOI: end of intervention.