In Vivo and In Vitro Antitumor Effects of Platycodin D, a Saponin Purified from Platycodi Radix on the H520 Lung Cancer Cell

Table 4

Changes on the tumor mass histomorphometry in H520 tumor cell xenograft mice.

Index	Groups
	TB control	Gemcitabine	Platycodin D
			200 mg/kg	100 mg/kg	50 mg/kg
Tumor cell volume (%/mm^2)	80.25 ± 7.17	49.97 ± 7.83^a	28.80 ± 6.86^a	48.96 ± 6.97^a	63.18 ± 7.79^a
Immunoreactive cell percentages (%/tumor cells)
Caspase-3	10.38 ± 2.83	55.13 ± 11.78^a	81.13 ± 11.69^a	56.63 ± 9.33^a	35.50 ± 10.07^a
Cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase	17.25 ± 3.37	58.00 ± 12.54^a	80.38 ± 12.53^a	61.13 ± 14.44^a	44.75 ± 11.84^a
Cyclooxygenase-2	60.88 ± 16.28	41.88 ± 11.08^a	16.13 ± 5.19^a	38.38 ± 12.74^a	47.63 ± 10.23^b
Inducible nitric oxide synthases	11.25 ± 3.69	11.50 ± 3.34	59.50 ± 13.51^c	46.00 ± 8.59^c	25.63 ± 7.85^c
Tumor necrosis factor-	9.38 ± 1.69	8.50 ± 2.45	59.38 ± 12.22^c	44.63 ± 10.64^c	30.75 ± 12.79^c

Values are expressed mean ± S.D. of eight mice.
TB: tumor-bearing.
Gemcitabine was intraperitoneally administered at 160 mg/kg, 7-day intervals.
Platycodin D was orally administered, once a day.
^a and ^b as compared with TB control by LSD test.
^c as compared with TB control by MW test.