Botanical, Pharmacological, Phytochemical, and Toxicological Aspects of the Antidiabetic Plant Bidens pilosa L.

Figure 6

A scheme describing the biosynthesis of polyynes and its glucosides. Saturated fatty acids (e.g., palmitic acid, etc.) are synthesized from their common precursors, acetyl CoA and malonyl CoA. To generate acetylenic fatty acids (i.e., polyynes), the saturated fatty acids are proposed to undergo β oxidation, desaturation, and acetylenation. UDP-glucosyltransferase can attach a glucose moiety or more to polyynes to produce polyyne glucosides.