Review Article
Effect of Acupuncture on Heart Rate Variability: A Systematic Review
Table 4
A summary of the heterogeneity for random effect.
| | Outcomes | No. of studies | Heterogeneity Chi-sq test | Higgins 2 test | | All studies | Healthy | Non-healthy | All Studies | Healthy | Non-healthy | All studies | Healthy | Non-healthy |
| | HF | 9 | 7 | 2 | 41.31 () | 16.99 () | 24.31 () | 64% | 35%# | 88% | | LF | 7 | 6 | 1 | 51.93 () | 47.44 () | 0.15 () | 77% | 79% | 0% | | LF/HF ratio | 11 | 9 | 2 | 977.50 () | 913.49 () | 0.75 () | 98% | 99% | 0% | | HF norm | 5 | 5 | — | 32.35 () | 32.35 () | — | 78% | 78% | NA | | LF norm | 5 | 5 | — | 15.39 () | 15.39 () | — | 55% | 55% | NA | | LI4 on HF | 2 | — | — | 0.00 () | — | — | 0% | — | — | | LI4 on LF/HF ratio | 4 | — | — | 73.89 () | — | — | 93% | — | — | | LI4 on HF norm | 2 | — | — | 26.62 () | — | — | 89% | — | — | | LI4 on LF norm | 2 | — | — | 13.43 () | — | — | 78% | — | — | | PC6 on HF | 3 | — | 2 | 24.71 () | — | 24.31 () | 80% | — | 0% | | PC6 on LF | 2 | — | — | 6.33 () | — | — | 53% | — | — | | PC6 on LF/HF ratio | 6 | — | 2 | 85.78 () | — | 0.75 () | 88% | — | 0% | | PC6 on HF norm | 3 | — | — | 28.68 () | — | — | 86% | — | — | | PC6 on LF norm | 3 | — | — | 15.22 () | — | — | 74% | — | — | | ST36 on HF | 3 | 2 | — | 33.34 () | 0.49 () | — | 88% | 0% | — | | ST36 on LF | 2 | — | — | 7.39 () | — | — | 88% | — | — | | ST36 on LF/HF ratio | 3 | — | — | 108.59 () | — | — | 95% | — | — |
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Higgins 2 Test is ≤50%; fixed effect is used.
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