Research Article

Evaluation of the In Vitro Antiplasmodial, Antileishmanial, and Antitrypanosomal Activity of Medicinal Plants Used in Saudi and Yemeni Traditional Medicine

Table 1

List of selected plants and their use in traditional medicine.

Plant speciesFamilyPart usedTraditional uses

Acalypha ciliata Forssk.EuphorbiaceaeLMalaria, anthelmintic, and scabies (a, d)
Acalypha fruticosa Forssk.EuphorbiaceaeLSkin diseases, malaria, and wounds (a, b, d)
Amaranthus viridis L.AmaranthaceaeLAnthelmintic, cancer, and impotence (a, b)
Barleria trispinosa (Forssk.) VahlAcanthaceaeL, SWarts (a, d)
Caralluma penicillata (Deflers) N.E.Br.AsclepiadaceaeLDiabetes, stomach ulcer, and smallpox (a, c)
Centaurothamus maximus (Forssk.) AsteraceaeLWounds (a)
Wagenitz & Dittrich
Cissus rotundifolia (Forssk.) VahlVitaceaeLMalaria, liver disease, and otitis (a, b, c, d)
Coccinia grandis (L.) VoigtCucurbitaceaeL, TAnthelmintic, diuretic, and pneumonia (a)
Dichrocephala integrifolia (L.f.) O. AsteraceaeL, SWounds (a)
Kuntze
Fagonia indica Burm. f.ZygophyllaceaeL, TDiabetes, diuretic, and headache (a, b, c)
Forsskaolea tenacissima L.UrticaceaeL, SDiuretic, kidney disease (a)
Gomphocarpus fruticosus (L.) Ait. f. AsclepiadaceaeLTumors, skin disease, scabies, and itching (a, b)
Hypoestes forskalei (Vahl) R. Br. AcanthaceaeLFungal skin disease, scabies, itching, and warts (a)
Kedrostis foetidissima(Jacq.) Cogn.CucurbitaceaeL, SWarts (a)
Kleinia pendula (Forssk.) DC.AsteraceaeROtitis (a)
Leucas virgata LabiataeL, THeartburn, indigestion, and stomach problems (a)
Loranthus regularis Steud. ex SpragueLoranthaceaeRDiabetes, kidney disease (a)
Ochradenus baccatus Del.ResedaceaeL, FDiuretic, antiseptic, cough, and itching (a, b)
Otostegia fruticosa (Forssk.) Briq.LabiataeL, FAntiparalytic, eye diseases (a)
Oxalis corniculata L.OxalidaceaeL, FAntiparasitic, antivertigo, and mouth inflammation (a, b, c)
Rosmarinus officinalis L.LabiataeL, SAntiseptic, cholagogue (a, d)
Solanum glabratum DunalSolanaceaeL, TDiuretic, scabies, syphilis, cough, hemorrhoids (a, b, c, d)
Taraxacum officinale F.H. WiggAsteraceaeLGastrointestinal troubles (a)
Tecoma stans (L.) H.B.K.BignoniaceaeL, SDiabetes (a, b)
Verbascum bottae (Deflers) Huber-Mor.ScrophulariaceaeL, FCough, skin disease, and rheumatism (a, b)

F: flower, L: leaves, R: roots or rhizomes, S: stems, and T: fruits. a: information has been taken from native people; b: Al-Dubai and Al-Khulaidi (1996) [5]; c: Fleurentin and Pelt (1982) [6]; d: Schopen (1983) [7].