Research Article

Optimization of Phenolics Extracted from Idesia polycarpa Defatted Fruit Residue and Its Antioxidant and Depigmenting Activity In Vitro and In Vivo

Figure 1

Effect of different extraction factors and total phenolics and flavonoids contents. ((a)–(e)) Effect of different extraction factors performed by single-factor test; (f) the total phenolics and flavonoids contents of all extracts at the same 8 mg/mL concentration. Each value is expressed as mean ± standard deviation ( ).
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(a)
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(b)
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(c)
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(d)
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(e)
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(f)