Bathing Effects of Various Seawaters on Allergic (Atopic) Dermatitis-Like Skin Lesions Induced by 2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene in Hairless Mice

Table 5

Changes on the splenic cytokine contents after 6 weeks of continuous bathing on seawaters or topical application of DEXA in DNCB-induced AD mice.

Groups	Splenic cytokine contents (pg/mg protein)
	Tumor necrosis factor-α	Interleukin-1β	Interleukin-10
Controls
Intact	164.92 ± 23.50	49.22 ± 12.57	216.95 ± 54.25
DNCB	530.62 ± 113.24^c	196.31 ± 21.62^a	688.86 ± 131.07^c
Reference
DEXA	198.70 ± 19.33^de	87.83 ± 14.66^ab	317.61 ± 52.05^ce
Bathing on
WSSW	373.00 ± 39.06^ce	150.59 ± 18.60^ab	514.88 ± 103.99^cf
WSGW	322.99 ± 67.87^ce	125.91 ± 14.36^ab	443.48 ± 76.07^ce
ESSW	352.92 ± 64.20^ce	141.80 ± 21.29^ab	508.11 ± 73.76^ce
ESGW	296.31 ± 65.51^ce	114.18 ± 23.27^ab	402.62 ± 71.39^ce

Values are expressed as mean ± SD of eight hairless mice. AD = allergic/atopic-like dermatitis; DNCB = 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene; DEXA = dexamethasone-water soluble; WSSW = west surface seawater collected around Wepo-ri (Ganghwa-do, Republic of Korea); WSGW = west saline groundwater collected at Yonggungoncheon (Seokmo-do, Republic of Korea); ESSW = east surface seawater collected around Nagok-ri (Uljin, Republic of Korea); ESGW = east saline groundwater collected around Hoojeong-ri (Uljin, Republic of Korea); LSD = least-significant differences multi-comparison. ^a as compared with intact control by LSD test; ^b as compared with DNCB control by LSD test; ^c and ^d as compared with intact control by MW test; ^e and ^f as compared with DNCB control by MW test.