Review Article
Jasada bhasma, a Zinc-Based Ayurvedic Preparation: Contemporary Evidence of Antidiabetic Activity Inspires Development of a Nanomedicine
Table 1
Summary of the current therapeutic agents for type 2 diabetes and associated side effects.
| Drug class/agent | Drug effect/action | Side effects/demerits |
| Metformin | Suppresses hepatic glucose output | Lactic acidosis and GI problems | Insulin secretagogues (sulphonylureas) | Increase insulin secretion | Hypoglycemia and weight gain | PPARγ agonists (thiazolidinediones) | Increase insulin sensitivity | Peripheral edema, weight gain, and anemia | Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (acarbose) | Inhibit glucose absorption | Loose stools and flatulence | GLP-1 analogues (liraglutide) | Increase glucose stimulated insulin secretion | Patient compliance in case of peptide analogues (injection) | DPP-IV inhibitors (sitagliptin) | Enhance endogenous GLP-1 action | Specificity issues | SGLT2 inhibitors (canagliflozin) | Inhibition of glucose reabsorption in kidneys | Urinary tract infections |
|
|