Complementary and Alternative Therapies for Autism Spectrum Disorder

Table 11

Yoga in ASD.

Author	Year	Type and duration of study	Sample size	Type of intervention	Comparators	Dose	Outcome measure	Findings	Comments
Rosenblatt et al. [86]	2011	Open label; Duration 8 weeks	(M 22; F 2); Drop-out (initially enrolled 33); Age: 3–18 years	Yoga (plus dance plus music)	None	45 min for 8 sessions	BASC, ABC	Improvement, but no change in ABC	Open label design; Few baseline characteristics of study participants; High drop-out rate
Koenig et al. [87]	2012	Open label pretest-posttest control group design; Duration 16 weeks	(M 37; F 9); Drop-out (originally recruited ); Age: 5–12 years	Yoga	School normal activities	15–20 min/day	ABC, Vineland	Improvement with moderate effect size in the experimental group	Open label design; Statistical analysis not optimal; Blinding not reported; No placebo group
Chan et al. [88]	2013	Randomized, parallel group; Duration 4 weeks	(gender not reported for the all sample); Age: 6–17 years	Mind-body exercise (Nei Yang Gong); Drop-out	Progressive Muscle Relaxation; Drop-out	Twice per week	Tower of London Test, CCTT, Five Point Test, ATEC, event-related EEG assessment	Significant improvement in the experimental group in self-control	Blinding not reported; No placebo condition; Only per protocol analysis

ABC, Aberrant Behavioral Checklist; ASD, autism spectrum disorder; ATEC, Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist; BASC, Behavioral Assessment System for Children; CCTT, Children’s Color Trails Test.