Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Review Article

Complementary and Alternative Therapies for Autism Spectrum Disorder

Table 3

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in ASD.


Author	Year	Type and duration of study	Sample size	Type of intervention	Comparators	Dose	Outcome measure	Findings	Comments

Granpeesheh et al. [45]	2010	Randomized, double blind, placebo controlled, parallel group Duration: maximum 15 weeks	(gender not reported) Age: 2–14 years Drop-out Patients controlled for medication and educational therapy	HBOT (1.3 atm and supplemental oxygen approximately 24–28% FiO₂) Completers ()	Placebo Completers ()	80 1-h sessions	ABC, ADOS, CGI, Vineland, SRS, BRIEF, PSI, PPVT-III, VMI	No significant difference	High attrition rate

Rossignol et al. [46]	2007	Open label Duration: 4 weeks	(M 14; F 4) Age: 3–16 years	HBOT (1.5 atm and supplemental oxygen (100% FiO₂), HBOT (1.3 atm and supplemental oxygen (24% FiO₂), Drop-out	None	40 1-h sessions	ATEC, ABC-community, SRS	Significant improvement in both groups in ATEC and SRS	Open label Small sample size

Rossignol et al. [47]	2009	Randomized, double blind, parallel group Duration: 4 weeks	(M 52; F 10) Age: 2–7 years	HBOT (1.3 atm and supplemental oxygen (approximately 24% FiO₂), “active group,” Drop-out	HBOT (1.03 atm and supplemental oxygen (approximately 21% FiO₂), “control group,” Drop-out	40 1-h sessions	ATEC, CGI, ABC	Significant improvement in the active group in CGI receptive language, social interaction, and eye contact. Improvement in ATEC sensory/cognitive awareness	No placebo

Sampanthavivat et al. [48]	2012	Randomized, double blind, parallel group Duration: unclear	Age: 3–9 years	HBOT (1.5 atm and supplemental oxygen 24% FiO₂), Drop-out	Sham air (1.15 atm), Drop-out	20 1-h sessions	ATEC, CGI-change, and CGI-severity	No differences between the two groups	No placebo

ABC, Aberrant Behavior Checklist; ADOS, Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule; ATEC, Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist; ASD, autism spectrum disorder; BRIEF, Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning; CGI, Clinical Global Impression; PPVT-III, Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-Third Edition; PSI, Parent Stress Index; SRS, Social Responsiveness Scale; VABS, Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale; VMI-5, Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration—5th edition.