Antiageing Mechanisms of a Standardized Supercritical CO₂ Preparation of Black Jack (Bidens pilosa L.) in Human Fibroblasts and Skin Fragments

Figure 2

Extracellular matrix elements evaluation. (a) Collagen and elastin production in human fibroblast cultures after 48 hours of incubation with BPE-CO₂A, retinoic acid, or retinol. (b) Collagen (A), elastin (B), and glycosaminoglycan (C) in human skin fragments labelled with anti-collagen (green), anti-elastin (green), and anti-glycosaminoglycan (green) antibodies, respectively, after a 48-hour incubation. The nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue) (40x magnification). The data represent the mean ± SD of three individual experiments. , .

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