Research Article

Efficacy of Acupuncture in Children with Nocturnal Enuresis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Table 2

Interventions and outcomes of included studies.

StudyDuration of treatmentFollow-up after treatmentExperimental treatmentControl treatmentCure rate of intervention groupCure rate of control groupOutcome measurement

Dong et al., 2012 [6] 5 weeks6 monthsAcupoint injection with scraping therapy ()Western medicine: Meclofenoxate ()46/60 (76.67%)36/60 (60%)Cure rate, improvement rate, follow-up at 1 and 6 months

Hong et al., 2011 [7]1 monthNot reportedMoxibustion ()
Acupuncture ()
Chinese patent medicine ()20/33 (60.6%)
19/33 (57.6%)
8/33 (24.24%)Cure rate, improvement rate

Hui et al., 2006 [8]1 month1 yearHeat-producing needling ()Western medicine: imipramine hydrochloride ()20/35 (57.2%)14/32 (43.8%)Cure rate, total effective rate, follow-up at 1 month

Liu, 2007 [9]3 weeksNot reportedEnuresis patch ()Western medicine: Meclofenoxate ()18/30 (60%)9/30 (30%)Cure rate, improvement rate

Karaman et al., 2011 [10]4 weeks6 monthsLaser acupuncture ()Placebo therapy: with a nonlaser light source ()31/57 (54.4%)3/26 (11.5%)Complete improvement rate, partial improvement rate, mean number of weekly bedwetting episodes: the children were reevaluated 15, 30, 90, and 180 days after treatment

Ding et al., 2007 [11]1 month3 monthsEnuresis patch ()Western medicine: Meclofenoxate ()25/42 (59.5%)13/38 (34.2%)Cure rate, improvement rate

Tong and Zhan, 2009 [12]1 monthNot reportedSuspended moxibustion ()Chinese patent medicine ()17/30 (56.7%)10/30 (33.3%)Cure rate, improvement rate

Moursy et al., 2014 [13]3 months6 monthsLaser acupuncture ()Western medicine: desmopressin () Combination therapy: acupuncture + desmopressin ()33 /62 (53%)35/62 (56.5%)
46/82 (74%)
Cure rate, improvement rate, mean weekly number of wet nights, MVV (maximum voided volume): the patients were evaluated once every 2 weeks for 3 months and once every 4 weeks for 6 months

Tian and Zhong, 2008 [14]2 weeksNot reportedAcupuncture ()Chinese patent medicine ()61/116 (52.59%)47/112 (41.96%)Cure rate, improvement rate

Ling and Chen, 2011 [15]1 monthNot reportedAcupoint injection ()Chinese patent medicine ()18/30 (60%)15/30 (50%)Cure rate, improvement rate

Radmayr et al., 2001 [16]6 monthsNot reportedLaser Acupuncture ()Western medicine: desmopressin ()13/20 (65%)15/20 (75%)Response rate, partial response rate

Radvanska et al., 2011 [17]5 weeksNot reportedLaser acupuncture ()Placebo therapy: without active laser light but with or without skin contact ()Not reportednot reportedWet nights/wk, voiding frequency, nocturnal urine production on wet nights
MVV (maximal voided volume), AVV (average voided volume)

Yang et al., 2012 [18]1 monthNot reportedEar point tapping with medicinal cake-separated moxibustion ()Chinese patent medicine ()21/35 (60%)12/34 (35.3%)Cure rate, improvement rate

Luo, 2010 [19]3 monthsNot reportedAcupuncture-massage ()Chinese medicine ()14/20 (70%)4/20 (20%)Cure rate, improvement rate

Tang et al., 2012 [20]2 weeks1 monthMassage ()Chinese medicine ()16/24 (66.7%)11/24 (45.8%)Cure rate, improvement rate

Qiu, 2008 [21]1 monthNot reportedEar point tapping ()Chinese medicine ()17/31 (54.8%)15/25 (60%)Cure rate, improvement rate

Zhu et al., 2003 [22]3 weeks3 monthsAcupoint injection ()Western medicine: Meclofenoxate ()19/41 (46.5%)6/35 (17.1%)Cure rate, improvement rate

Zhang, 2010 [23]1 monthNot reportedMedicinal cake-separated moxibustion with embedded needling ()Western medicine: desmopressin ()22/40 (55%)6/40 (15%)Cure rate, improvement rate

Chen and Gu, 2003 [24]2 weeksNot reportedAcupoint injection ()Chinese medicine ()36/40 (90%)14/32 (43.7%)Cure rate, improvement rate

Yuksek et al., 2003 [25]6 monthsNot reportedAcupressure ()Western medicine: oxybutynin ()10/12 (83.3%)7/12 (58.3%)Complete improvement rate, partial improvement rate, follow-up at 15 days and 1, 3, and 6 months

Hong and Zhang, 2009 [26]1 monthNot reportedNeedle warming moxibustion ()Chinese medicine ()13/15 (86.7%)5/15 (33.3%)Cure rate, improvement rate