The Effects of High-Frequency Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation for Dental Professionals with Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Single-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial
Table 4
The differences between pressure pain threshold (PPT) between after application of single TENS and no electrical stimulation in both the levator scapulae and the upper trapezius after labor.
TENS group ()
Placebo-TENS group ()
Levator scapulae (N)
Prelabor
51.1 ± 13.27
51.6 ± 10.02
0.739
Postlabor
35.9 ± 13.46
37.2 ± 13.13
Post-TENS
44.5 ± 12.48
38.7 ± 13.81
1 H TENS
44.4 ± 13.80
40.4 ± 13.31
3 H TENS
47.0 ± 13.08
44.7 ± 12.56
1 D TENS
52.3 ± 14.71
51.2 ± 10.46
0.000
0.000
Postlabor–prelabor
15.2 ± 8.42
14.4 ± 9.32
0.764
Post-TENS–postlabor
8.5 ± 5.41
1.5 ± 2.61
0.000
1 H TENS–postlabor
8.5 ± 5.37
3.2 ± 3.01
0.000
3 H TENS–postlabor
11.1 ± 5.93
7.5 ± 4.02
0.018
1 D TENS–postlabor
16.3 ± 6.92
14.0 ± 8.32
0.301
Upper trapezius (N)
Prelabor
44.8 ± 12.48
46.8 ± 10.40
0.558
Postlabor
32.9 ± 13.07
33.6 ± 11.10
Post-TENS
39.8 ± 12.31
34.4 ± 10.83
1 H TENS
38.4 ± 12.51
35.5 ± 10.84
3 H TENS
42.4 ± 12.37
38.4 ± 10.15
1 D TENS
46.4 ± 13.50
46.3 ± 9.65
0.000
0.000
Postlabor–prelabor
11.9 ± 8.15
13.2 ± 8.19
0.591
Post-TENS–postlabor
6.9 ± 5.73
0.8 ± 1.80
0.000
1 H TENS–postlabor
5.5 ± 4.69
1.9 ± 2.68
0.002
3 H TENS–postlabor
9.5 ± 6.52
4.8 ± 3.53
0.004
1 D TENS–postlabor
13.5 ± 6.77
12.7 ± 6.86
0.682
Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). indicates a significant difference within a group as compared to the prelabor value (). indicates a significant difference as compared to the postlabor value (). 1 H TENS: 1 h after the application of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS); 3 H TENS: 3 h after TENS application; 1 D TENS: 1 day after TENS application.
