The Effects of High-Frequency Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation for Dental Professionals with Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Single-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial

Table 5

The changes in active range of motion of horizontal head rotation after application of single TENS in postlabor state without pain or fatigue sense.

	TENS group ()	Placebo-TENS group ()
Horizontal head rotation (angle)
Prelabor	156.3 ± 13.29	151.3 ± 13.59	0.989
Postlabor	119.8 ± 26.64	121.3 ± 29.32
Post-TENS	139.6 ± 15.10	125.0 ± 24.40
1 H TENS	137.3 ± 17.51	128.3 ± 25.12
3 H TENS	145.2 ± 14.41	137.0 ± 20.82
1 D TENS	157.5 ± 10.84	155.4 ± 12.78
	0.000	0.000
Postlabor–prelabor	36.5 ± 23.84	35.0 ± 25.85	0.841
Post-TENS–postlabor	19.8 ± 13.95	3.7 ± 6.78	0.000
1 H TENS–postlabor	17.5 ± 12.51	7.0 ± 7.65	0.001
3 H TENS–postlabor	25.4 ± 16.35	15.7 ± 11.11	0.021
1 D TENS–postlabor	37.7 ± 22.84	34.3 ± 24.39	0.606

Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD).
indicates a significant difference within a group as compared to the prelabor value ().
indicates a significant difference as compared to the postlabor value ().
1 H TENS: 1 h after the application of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS); 3 H TENS: 3 h after TENS application; 1 D TENS: 1 day after TENS application.