Evaluation of the Effects of Some Brazilian Medicinal Plants on the Production of TNF-α and CCL2 by THP-1 Cells

Table 3

IC₅₀ values determined for selected extracts on in vitro inhibition of inflammatory mediators and radical scavenging activity.

Plant species	TNF-α (µg/mL ± SD)	CCL2 (µg/mL ± SD)	DPPH assay (µg/mL ± SD)	Inhibition ratio extract/rutin
Barbacenia flava	>250	>250	6.61 ± 1.7^f	0.77
Calophyllum brasiliense	>250	>250	6.03 ± 2.2^g	0.70
Caryocar brasiliense barks	>500	>250	6.13 ± 1.5^g	0.71
Caryocar brasiliense leaves	224.0 ± 1.0	>250	3.01 ± 1.0^k	0.35
Casearia sylvestris	124.0 ± 1.0	>250	5.70 ± 2.1^gh	0.66
Coccoloba cereifera	194.3 ± 1.1	>250	4.12 ± 1.4^i	0.48
Cuphea carthagenensis	>250	>250	5.40 ± 1.6^h	0.62
Chrysophyllum marginatum	>500	>250	6.93 ± 1.3^f	0.80
Erythroxylum gonocladum	>250	>250	8.81 ± 1.0^cd	1.02
Erythroxylum suberosum	>250	>250	5.72 ± 2.0^gh	0.66
Erythroxylum tortuosum	>250	>250	6.55 ± 1.0^f	0.76
Lippia sidoides	>500	64.3 ± 1.0	7.56 ± 1.8^e	0.88
Paepalanthus bromelioides	>250	>250	3.62 ± 1.4^j	0.42
Phoenix roebelenii	>250	>250	6.56 ± 2.0^f	0.76
Sida carpinifolia	>250	>250	13.23 ± 3.9^a	1.54
Sida glaziovii	>250	>250	5.46 ± 2.4^h	0.63
Terminalia catappa	>250	>250	6.12 ± 1.9^g	0.71
Terminalia glabrescens	153.5 ± 1.1	189.4 ± 1.0	10.66 ± 1.9^b	1.24
Vellozia piresiana	>250	>250	7.50 ± 4.2^e	0.84
Rutin	ND	ND	8.58 ± 1.0^d	1

ND: not determined.
IC₅₀ values were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s test. Values with different letters differ statistically from each other according to Tukey’s test ().