Vitis vinifera (Muscat Variety) Seed Ethanolic Extract Preserves Activity Levels of Enzymes and Histology of the Liver in Adult Male Rats with Diabetes
Table 2
Effect of V. vinifera seed ethanolic extract on serum ALT, AST, ALP, ACP, GGT, total protein, total bilirubin, and liver ALT and AST in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Parameters
Normal
Diabetic
Diabetic
250 mg/kg V. vinifera
500 mg/kg V. vinifera
600 μg/kg glibenclamide
Serum
ALT (U/L)
142.39 ± 6.32
236.18* ± 15.09
213.76† ± 9.18
184.13† ± 11.37
169.37† ± 9.43
AST (U/L)
103.78 ± 8.64
184.67* ± 7.15
145.91† ± 9.49
139.36† ± 9.62
125.17† ± 10.23
ALP (U/L)
46.75 ± 3.65
247.25* ± 8.46
166.92† ± 5.69
132.54† ± 3.73
112.73† ± 4.67
ACP (U/L)
11.54 ± 0.58
21.58* ± 0.84
18.64† ± 0.94
14.52† ± 0.87
12.68† ± 0.76
GGT (U/L)
10.23 ± 0.72
14.75* ± 0.14
8.65† ± 0.76
8.45† ± 0.89
8.79† ± 0.02
Total protein (U/L)
8.96 ± 0.75
4.22* ± 0.86
5.26† ± 0.34
7.45† ± 0.86
7.84† ± 0.73
Total bilirubin (U/L)
0.43 ± 0.05
4.58* ± 0.05
2.33† ± 0.06
1.58† ± 0.04
1.16† ± 0.05
Liver tissue
ALT (μ moles of pyruvate formed/mg protein/h)
0.48 ± 0.08
0.78* ± 0.12
0.57† ± 0.13
0.52† ± 0.11
0.48† ± 0.09
AST (μ moles of pyruvate formed/mg protein/h)
0.37 ± 0.06
0.65* ± 0.09
0.56† ± 0.05
0.43† ± 0.09
0.36† ± 0.06
Value represents mean ± SD for 6 rats per group. P < 0.05 as compared to normal, nondiabetic rats group and †P < 0.05 as compared to nontreated diabetic rats.