Addressing “Nature-Deficit Disorder”: A Mixed Methods Pilot Study of Young Adults Attending a Wilderness Camp

Table 6

Holistic outcome measures paired samples t-tests, pre- and postcamp responses.

Measure		Precamp mean	SD	Postcamp mean	SD	Sig. (2-tailed)
Physical activity	36	4.36	2.05	4.97	1.70	0.084
Relaxation	35	3.23	0.88	3.71	0.71	0.025
Perceived stress	34	20.88	5.07	17.82	5.57	0.020
Psychological well-being	35	80.91	5.48	80.97	6.36	0.943
Self-esteem	35	24.91	3.69	24.94	3.55	0.950
Resilience	34	3.20	0.27	3.28	0.33	0.083
Situational self-awareness	36	4.03	1.48	4.37	1.54	0.200
Reflection	35	3.30	0.50	3.11	0.55	0.129
Positive affect	31	3.73	0.62	4.26	0.56	<0.001
Negative affect	35	1.68	0.59	1.34	0.26	0.003
Positive relationship with others	35	74.17	12.39	77.40	13.28	0.066
Wholeness	35	2.90	0.36	3.11	0.35	0.012
Transcendence	35	28.23	4.72	30.51	4.15	0.002

Pairwise deletion of missing data.
Paired -test.