Pharmacokinetic Interactions of Herbs with Cytochrome P450 and P-Glycoprotein

Table 4

The modulation of CYP and P-gp by rosemary.

Compound type	Species	System	CYP	P-gp	Ref.
Extract	Rat	In vivo; Protein	CYP1A1/2 (↔); CYP2B1/2 (↑)		[78]
Extract	Human	In vitro; Activity		P-gp (↓)	[79]
Rosmarinic acid	Rat	In vitro; Activity	CYP1A (↑); CYP2B (↑); CYP3A (↑)		[80]
Rosmarinic acid	Human	In vitro; Activity	CYP2C9 (↔); CYP2D6 (↔); CYP3A4 (↓)		[81]
Rosmarinic acid	Human	In vitro; mRNA/protein; Activity		P-gp (↓)	[82]