Review Article
Pharmacokinetic Interactions of Herbs with Cytochrome P450 and P-Glycoprotein
Table 5
The modulation of CYP and P-gp by ginseng.
| Compound type | Species | System | CYP | P-gp | Ref. |
| Extract | Rat | In vitro Activity | CYP1A1/2 (↓) CYP1B1 (↓) CYP2E1 (↓) | | [83] |
| Extract | Rat | In vitro mRNA | CYP1A2 (↔) CYP2B1 (↔) CYP3A23 (↔) | | [84] |
| Extract | Human | In vitro Activity | CYP1A1 (↓) CYP1A2 (↓) CYP1B1 (↓) | | [85] |
| Ginsenoside Rd | Human | In vitro Activity | CYP2C9 (↓) CYP2C19 (↓) CYP2D6 (↓) CYP3A4 (↓) | | [86] |
| Ginsenoside Rc, Rf | Human | In vitro Activity | CYP2C9 (↑) CYP3A4 (↑) | | [86] |
| Ginsenoside Rg3 | Human | In vitro Activity | | P-gp (↓) | [87] |
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