|
Compound | Herb | Target or indicator | Type of study | Reference |
|
Protocatechuic aldehyde | Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge | PI3K/Akt, MAPK, cyclin D2 | In vitro | [93] |
Gleditsia sinensis thorn extract | Gleditsia sinensis thorns | MMP-9; p21WAF1, cyclinB1, Cdc2 and Cdc25c; ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, JNK; NF-B, AP-1 | In vitro | [94] |
Corynoxeine | Hook of Uncaria rhynchophylla | DNA synthesis of VSMCs, ERK1/2 | In vivo | [95] |
Phyllanthus emblica extract | Phyllanthus emblica | ox-LDL, MDA | In vitro | [79] |
Berberine | Coptis chinensis | MAPK1/2, ERK, Egr-1, PDGF, c-Fos, Cyclin D1 | In vitro | [96] |
Nucifera leaf extract | Nelumbo nucifera GAERTN | JNK, MAPK, FAK/PI 3-kinase/small G protein | In vitro | [97] |
Hibiscus sabdariffa Extract | Hibiscus sabdariffa L. | triglyceride, LDL, foam cell formation, VSMC migration | In vivo | [98] |
Panax notoginseng saponins | Panax notoginseng | integrin, FAK, NF-B | In vivo | [99] |
Astragalus polysaccharide | Astragalus membranaceus | ABCA1, NF-B | In vitro | [100] |
Scoparone | Artemisia scoparia | monocyte adhesion, lipid laden foam cells | In vivo | [87] |
Hibiscus sabdariffa Extract | Hibiscus sabdariffa L. | TC, LDL-C; foam cell formation, VSMC migration | In vivo | [98] |
|