Can Herbal Medicine Cause Hematoma Enlargement of Hypertensive Intracerebral Hemorrhage within 24 hrs Time Window? A Retrospective Study of 256 Cases from a Single Center in China

Table 1

The univariate analysis on the hematoma enlargement (%).

Factor	Hematoma enlargement (%) ()	Nonhematoma enlargement (%) ()	Value
Age (yrs)	66.00 ± 24.00	65.00 ± 22.00	−0.578^△	0.563
Male	35 (81.4)	138 (64.8)	4.503^⋄	0.034^*
Hypertension history	27 (62.80)	139 (65.30)	0.096^⋄	0.757
DM history	4 (9.30)	25 (11.70)	0.038^●	0.845
ICH history	4 (9.30)	13 (6.10)	0.591^⋄	0.442
Alcohol intake
Yes	11 (25.6)	44 (20.7)
Stopped	1 (2.3)	10 (4.7)	0.903^⋄	0.637
No	31 (72.1)	159 (74.6)
Smoking
Yes	14 (32.60)	47 (22.10)
Stopped	3 (7.00)	35 (16.40)	3.814^⋄	0.149
No	26 (60.50)	131 (61.50)
Duration from onset to the first CT scan (hrs)
0~1	6 (14.0)	10 (4.7)
>1~2	9 (20.90)	20 (9.40)
>2~4	13 (30.20)	59 (27.70)	9.952^#	0.002^*
>4~6	3 (7.00)	26 (12.20)
>6~24	12 (27.90)	98 (46.00)
Baseline systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	176.42 ± 31.09	167.82 ± 25.84	−1.920^▲	0.056
Baseline GCS
3~7	4 (9.30)	4 (1.90)
8~13	17 (39.5)	45 (21.1)	12.995^#	0.000^*
14~15	22 (51.2)	164 (77.0)
Baseline NIHSS	10 ± 6	5 ± 7	3.791^△	0.000^*
Hematoma location
Basal ganglion	19 (44.2)	116 (54.4)
Thalamus	4 (9.3)	37 (17.4)
Lobar	16 (37.2)	46 (21.6)	6.667^⋄	0.155
Cerebellar	1 (2.3)	6 (2.8)
Brain stem	3 (7.0)	8 (3.8)
Intraventricular hemorrhage	5 (11.6)	28 (13.1)	0.073^⋄	0.786
Hematoma volume (mL)
≤15	28 (65.1)	166 (77.9)
>15~30	9 (20.9)	33 (15.5)	3.290^#	0.070
>30	6 (14.0)	14 (6.5)
Irregular hematoma	34 (79.1)	139 (65.3)	3.115^⋄	0.078
PLT (10^9/L)	203.00 ± 82.00	209.00 ± 63.50	−0.768^△	0.443
PT (s)	11.50 ± 1.80	12.00 ± 1.80	−0.270^△	0.787
APTT (s)	30.00 ± 11.20	30.00 ± 9.25	−0.026^△	0.979
FIB (g/L)	3.07 ± 0.63	3.09 ± 0.71	−0.466^△	0.641
ALT (IU/L)	28.00 ± 17.00	21.00 ± 17.00	1.525^△	0.127
AST (IU/L)	29.00 ± 11.00	24.00 ± 14.00	1.969^△	0.049^*
Urea (mmol/L)	5.00 ± 1.44	5.00 ± 1.72	−0.285^△	0.775
Crea (mmol/L)	80.00 ± 28.00	80.00 ± 23.50	0.388^△	0.698
PBC and RBS herbal
Not used	19 (44.2)	78 (36.6)
PBC	2 (4.7)	26 (12.2)	0.181^#	0.149
RBS	22 (51.2)	109 (51.2)
PBC and RBS	24 (55.8)	135 (63.4)	0.870	0.390
Leech	22 (51.2)	109 (51.2)	0.00	1.00
Leonurus	24 (58.1)	124 (58.2)	0.085	0.866
Rhizoma	22 (51.2)	109 (51.2)	0.00	1.00

Note: ^* < 0.05, ^▲-test, ^△Mann-Whitney test, ^●continuous correction chi-square test, ^⋄Pearson chi-square test, and ^#Kruskal-Wallis test.