GABA-A Receptor Modulation and Anticonvulsant, Anxiolytic, and Antidepressant Activities of Constituents from Artemisia indica Linn

Figure 3

Effect of carnosol, oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, and diazepam on the behavior of mice in the elevated plus maze. (a) % of open-arm entries (left panel) and % of time spent in open arms (right panel) registered over a session of 5 min after 20 min of an i.p. injection of carnosol (1, 10, 30, and 100 mg/kg). (b) % of open-arm entries (left panel) and % of time spent in open arms (right panel) registered over a session of 5 min after 20 min of an i.p. injection of oleanolic acid (1, 10, 30, and 100 mg/kg), diazepam (1 mg/kg), or vehicle. (c) % of open-arm entries (left panel) and % of time spent in open arms (right panel) registered over a session of 5 min after 20 min of an i.p. injection of ursolic acid (1, 10, 30, and 100 mg/kg). Columns represent mean ± SEM (/group). , , and compared with vehicle group using one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s test.

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